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Temporal Dynamics of Cloacal Microbiota in Adult Laying Chickens With and Without Access to an Outdoor Range

Associations between animal health and performance, and the host’s microbiota have been recently established. In poultry, changes in the intestinal microbiota have been linked to housing conditions and host development, but how the intestinal microbiota respond to environmental changes under farm co...

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Autores principales: Schreuder, Janneke, Velkers, Francisca C., Bossers, Alex, Bouwstra, Ruth J., de Boer, Willem F., van Hooft, Pim, Stegeman, J. Arjan, Jurburg, Stephanie D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7876281/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584593
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.626713
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author Schreuder, Janneke
Velkers, Francisca C.
Bossers, Alex
Bouwstra, Ruth J.
de Boer, Willem F.
van Hooft, Pim
Stegeman, J. Arjan
Jurburg, Stephanie D.
author_facet Schreuder, Janneke
Velkers, Francisca C.
Bossers, Alex
Bouwstra, Ruth J.
de Boer, Willem F.
van Hooft, Pim
Stegeman, J. Arjan
Jurburg, Stephanie D.
author_sort Schreuder, Janneke
collection PubMed
description Associations between animal health and performance, and the host’s microbiota have been recently established. In poultry, changes in the intestinal microbiota have been linked to housing conditions and host development, but how the intestinal microbiota respond to environmental changes under farm conditions is less well understood. To gain insight into the microbial responses following a change in the host’s immediate environment, we monitored four indoor flocks of adult laying chickens three times over 16 weeks, during which two flocks were given access to an outdoor range, and two were kept indoors. To assess changes in the chickens’ microbiota over time, we collected cloacal swabs of 10 hens per flock and performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The poultry house (i.e., the stable in which flocks were housed) and sampling time explained 9.2 and 4.4% of the variation in the microbial community composition of the flocks, respectively. Remarkably, access to an outdoor range had no detectable effect on microbial community composition, the variability of microbiota among chickens of the same flock, or microbiota richness, but the microbiota of outdoor flocks became more even over time. Fluctuations in the composition of the microbiota over time within each poultry house were mainly driven by turnover in rare, rather than dominant, taxa and were unique for each flock. We identified 16 amplicon sequence variants that were differentially abundant over time between indoor and outdoor housed chickens, however none were consistently higher or lower across all chickens of one housing type over time. Our study shows that cloacal microbiota community composition in adult layers is stable following a sudden change in environment, and that temporal fluctuations are unique to each flock. By exploring microbiota of adult poultry flocks within commercial settings, our study sheds light on how the chickens’ immediate environment affects the microbiota composition.
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spelling pubmed-78762812021-02-12 Temporal Dynamics of Cloacal Microbiota in Adult Laying Chickens With and Without Access to an Outdoor Range Schreuder, Janneke Velkers, Francisca C. Bossers, Alex Bouwstra, Ruth J. de Boer, Willem F. van Hooft, Pim Stegeman, J. Arjan Jurburg, Stephanie D. Front Microbiol Microbiology Associations between animal health and performance, and the host’s microbiota have been recently established. In poultry, changes in the intestinal microbiota have been linked to housing conditions and host development, but how the intestinal microbiota respond to environmental changes under farm conditions is less well understood. To gain insight into the microbial responses following a change in the host’s immediate environment, we monitored four indoor flocks of adult laying chickens three times over 16 weeks, during which two flocks were given access to an outdoor range, and two were kept indoors. To assess changes in the chickens’ microbiota over time, we collected cloacal swabs of 10 hens per flock and performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The poultry house (i.e., the stable in which flocks were housed) and sampling time explained 9.2 and 4.4% of the variation in the microbial community composition of the flocks, respectively. Remarkably, access to an outdoor range had no detectable effect on microbial community composition, the variability of microbiota among chickens of the same flock, or microbiota richness, but the microbiota of outdoor flocks became more even over time. Fluctuations in the composition of the microbiota over time within each poultry house were mainly driven by turnover in rare, rather than dominant, taxa and were unique for each flock. We identified 16 amplicon sequence variants that were differentially abundant over time between indoor and outdoor housed chickens, however none were consistently higher or lower across all chickens of one housing type over time. Our study shows that cloacal microbiota community composition in adult layers is stable following a sudden change in environment, and that temporal fluctuations are unique to each flock. By exploring microbiota of adult poultry flocks within commercial settings, our study sheds light on how the chickens’ immediate environment affects the microbiota composition. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7876281/ /pubmed/33584593 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.626713 Text en Copyright © 2021 Schreuder, Velkers, Bossers, Bouwstra, de Boer, van Hooft, Stegeman and Jurburg. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Schreuder, Janneke
Velkers, Francisca C.
Bossers, Alex
Bouwstra, Ruth J.
de Boer, Willem F.
van Hooft, Pim
Stegeman, J. Arjan
Jurburg, Stephanie D.
Temporal Dynamics of Cloacal Microbiota in Adult Laying Chickens With and Without Access to an Outdoor Range
title Temporal Dynamics of Cloacal Microbiota in Adult Laying Chickens With and Without Access to an Outdoor Range
title_full Temporal Dynamics of Cloacal Microbiota in Adult Laying Chickens With and Without Access to an Outdoor Range
title_fullStr Temporal Dynamics of Cloacal Microbiota in Adult Laying Chickens With and Without Access to an Outdoor Range
title_full_unstemmed Temporal Dynamics of Cloacal Microbiota in Adult Laying Chickens With and Without Access to an Outdoor Range
title_short Temporal Dynamics of Cloacal Microbiota in Adult Laying Chickens With and Without Access to an Outdoor Range
title_sort temporal dynamics of cloacal microbiota in adult laying chickens with and without access to an outdoor range
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7876281/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33584593
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.626713
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