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Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit

Probable mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling is investigated based on the introduction of “Brain”-triggered potential excitation signal smartly with a specific very low frequency (VLF) waves as a neuronal motor toolkit. Detection of this electric motor toolkit is attributed to in-vitro p...

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Autores principales: Karami, Sajedeh, Doroodmand, Mohammad Mahdi, Taherianfar, Mahnaz, Mutabi-Alavi, Amir, Nagshgar, Nahid
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7878924/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33574428
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82118-2
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author Karami, Sajedeh
Doroodmand, Mohammad Mahdi
Taherianfar, Mahnaz
Mutabi-Alavi, Amir
Nagshgar, Nahid
author_facet Karami, Sajedeh
Doroodmand, Mohammad Mahdi
Taherianfar, Mahnaz
Mutabi-Alavi, Amir
Nagshgar, Nahid
author_sort Karami, Sajedeh
collection PubMed
description Probable mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling is investigated based on the introduction of “Brain”-triggered potential excitation signal smartly with a specific very low frequency (VLF) waves as a neuronal motor toolkit. Detection of this electric motor toolkit is attributed to in-vitro precise analyses of a neural network of snail, along to the disconnected snail’s neuronal network as a control. This is achieved via rapid (real-time) electrical signals acquisition by blind patch-clamp method during micro-electrode implanting in the neurons at the gigaseal conditions by the surgery operations. This process is based on its waveform (potential excitation signal) detection by mathematical curve fitting process. The characterized waveform of this electrical signal is “Saw Tooth” that is smartly stimulated, alternatively, by the brain during triggering the action potential’s (AP’s) hyperpolarization zone at a certain time interval at the several µs levels. Triggering the neuron cells results in (1) observing a positive shift (10.0%, depending on the intensity of the triggering wave), and (2) major promotion in the electrical current from sub nano (n) to micro (µ) amper (nA, µA) levels. Direct tracing the time domain (i.e., electrical signal vs. time) and estimation of the frequency domain (diagram of electrical response vs. the applied electrical frequencies) by the “Discrete Fast Fourier Transform” algorithm approve the presence of bilateral and reversible electrical currents between axon and dendrite. This mechanism therefore opens a novel view about the neuronal motor toolkit mechanism, versus the general knowledge about the unilateral electrical current flow from axon to dendrite operations in as neural network. The reliability of this mechanism is evaluated via (1) sequential modulation and demodulation of the snail’s neuron network by a simulation electrical functions and sequentially evaluation of the neuronal current sensitivity between pA and nA (during the promotion of the signal-to-noise ratio, via averaging of 30 ± 1 (n = 15) and recycling the electrical cycles before any neuronal response); and (2) operation of the process on the differentiated stem cells. The interstice behavior is attributed to the effective role of Ca(2+) channels (besides Na(+) and K(+) ionic pumping), during hyper/hypo calcium processes, evidenced by inductively coupled plasma as the selected analytical method. This phenomenon is also modeled during proposing quadrupole well potential levels in the neuron systems. This mechanism therefore points to the microprocessor behavior of neuron networks. Stimulation of the neuronal system based on this mechanism, not only controls the sensitivity of neuron electrical stimulation, but also would open a light window for more efficient operating the neuronal connectivity during providing interruptions by phenomena such as neurolysis as well as an efficient treatment of neuron-based disorders.
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spelling pubmed-78789242021-02-12 Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit Karami, Sajedeh Doroodmand, Mohammad Mahdi Taherianfar, Mahnaz Mutabi-Alavi, Amir Nagshgar, Nahid Sci Rep Article Probable mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling is investigated based on the introduction of “Brain”-triggered potential excitation signal smartly with a specific very low frequency (VLF) waves as a neuronal motor toolkit. Detection of this electric motor toolkit is attributed to in-vitro precise analyses of a neural network of snail, along to the disconnected snail’s neuronal network as a control. This is achieved via rapid (real-time) electrical signals acquisition by blind patch-clamp method during micro-electrode implanting in the neurons at the gigaseal conditions by the surgery operations. This process is based on its waveform (potential excitation signal) detection by mathematical curve fitting process. The characterized waveform of this electrical signal is “Saw Tooth” that is smartly stimulated, alternatively, by the brain during triggering the action potential’s (AP’s) hyperpolarization zone at a certain time interval at the several µs levels. Triggering the neuron cells results in (1) observing a positive shift (10.0%, depending on the intensity of the triggering wave), and (2) major promotion in the electrical current from sub nano (n) to micro (µ) amper (nA, µA) levels. Direct tracing the time domain (i.e., electrical signal vs. time) and estimation of the frequency domain (diagram of electrical response vs. the applied electrical frequencies) by the “Discrete Fast Fourier Transform” algorithm approve the presence of bilateral and reversible electrical currents between axon and dendrite. This mechanism therefore opens a novel view about the neuronal motor toolkit mechanism, versus the general knowledge about the unilateral electrical current flow from axon to dendrite operations in as neural network. The reliability of this mechanism is evaluated via (1) sequential modulation and demodulation of the snail’s neuron network by a simulation electrical functions and sequentially evaluation of the neuronal current sensitivity between pA and nA (during the promotion of the signal-to-noise ratio, via averaging of 30 ± 1 (n = 15) and recycling the electrical cycles before any neuronal response); and (2) operation of the process on the differentiated stem cells. The interstice behavior is attributed to the effective role of Ca(2+) channels (besides Na(+) and K(+) ionic pumping), during hyper/hypo calcium processes, evidenced by inductively coupled plasma as the selected analytical method. This phenomenon is also modeled during proposing quadrupole well potential levels in the neuron systems. This mechanism therefore points to the microprocessor behavior of neuron networks. Stimulation of the neuronal system based on this mechanism, not only controls the sensitivity of neuron electrical stimulation, but also would open a light window for more efficient operating the neuronal connectivity during providing interruptions by phenomena such as neurolysis as well as an efficient treatment of neuron-based disorders. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7878924/ /pubmed/33574428 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82118-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Karami, Sajedeh
Doroodmand, Mohammad Mahdi
Taherianfar, Mahnaz
Mutabi-Alavi, Amir
Nagshgar, Nahid
Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
title Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
title_full Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
title_fullStr Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
title_full_unstemmed Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
title_short Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
title_sort mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7878924/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33574428
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82118-2
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