Cargando…

Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children worldwide, with the most severe disease occurring in very young infants. Despite half a century of research there still are no licensed RSV vaccines. Difficulties in RSV vaccine development stem...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Eichinger, Katherine M., Kosanovich, Jessica L., Lipp, Madeline, Empey, Kerry M., Petrovsky, Nikolai
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7879001/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33623860
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515135520981516
_version_ 1783650442509549568
author Eichinger, Katherine M.
Kosanovich, Jessica L.
Lipp, Madeline
Empey, Kerry M.
Petrovsky, Nikolai
author_facet Eichinger, Katherine M.
Kosanovich, Jessica L.
Lipp, Madeline
Empey, Kerry M.
Petrovsky, Nikolai
author_sort Eichinger, Katherine M.
collection PubMed
description Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children worldwide, with the most severe disease occurring in very young infants. Despite half a century of research there still are no licensed RSV vaccines. Difficulties in RSV vaccine development stem from a number of factors, including: (a) a very short time frame between birth and first RSV exposure; (b) interfering effects of maternal antibodies; and (c) differentially regulated immune responses in infants causing a marked T helper 2 (Th2) immune bias. This review seeks to provide an age-specific understanding of RSV immunity critical to the development of a successful pediatric RSV vaccine. Historical and future approaches to the prevention of infant RSV are reviewed, including passive protection using monoclonal antibodies or maternal immunization strategies versus active infant immunization using pre-fusion forms of RSV F protein antigens formulated with novel adjuvants such as Advax that avoid excess Th2 immune polarization.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7879001
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher SAGE Publications
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-78790012021-02-22 Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization Eichinger, Katherine M. Kosanovich, Jessica L. Lipp, Madeline Empey, Kerry M. Petrovsky, Nikolai Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother Review Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children worldwide, with the most severe disease occurring in very young infants. Despite half a century of research there still are no licensed RSV vaccines. Difficulties in RSV vaccine development stem from a number of factors, including: (a) a very short time frame between birth and first RSV exposure; (b) interfering effects of maternal antibodies; and (c) differentially regulated immune responses in infants causing a marked T helper 2 (Th2) immune bias. This review seeks to provide an age-specific understanding of RSV immunity critical to the development of a successful pediatric RSV vaccine. Historical and future approaches to the prevention of infant RSV are reviewed, including passive protection using monoclonal antibodies or maternal immunization strategies versus active infant immunization using pre-fusion forms of RSV F protein antigens formulated with novel adjuvants such as Advax that avoid excess Th2 immune polarization. SAGE Publications 2021-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7879001/ /pubmed/33623860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515135520981516 Text en © The Author(s), 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Review
Eichinger, Katherine M.
Kosanovich, Jessica L.
Lipp, Madeline
Empey, Kerry M.
Petrovsky, Nikolai
Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization
title Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization
title_full Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization
title_fullStr Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization
title_full_unstemmed Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization
title_short Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization
title_sort strategies for active and passive pediatric rsv immunization
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7879001/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33623860
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515135520981516
work_keys_str_mv AT eichingerkatherinem strategiesforactiveandpassivepediatricrsvimmunization
AT kosanovichjessical strategiesforactiveandpassivepediatricrsvimmunization
AT lippmadeline strategiesforactiveandpassivepediatricrsvimmunization
AT empeykerrym strategiesforactiveandpassivepediatricrsvimmunization
AT petrovskynikolai strategiesforactiveandpassivepediatricrsvimmunization