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Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children worldwide, with the most severe disease occurring in very young infants. Despite half a century of research there still are no licensed RSV vaccines. Difficulties in RSV vaccine development stem...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7879001/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33623860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515135520981516 |
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author | Eichinger, Katherine M. Kosanovich, Jessica L. Lipp, Madeline Empey, Kerry M. Petrovsky, Nikolai |
author_facet | Eichinger, Katherine M. Kosanovich, Jessica L. Lipp, Madeline Empey, Kerry M. Petrovsky, Nikolai |
author_sort | Eichinger, Katherine M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children worldwide, with the most severe disease occurring in very young infants. Despite half a century of research there still are no licensed RSV vaccines. Difficulties in RSV vaccine development stem from a number of factors, including: (a) a very short time frame between birth and first RSV exposure; (b) interfering effects of maternal antibodies; and (c) differentially regulated immune responses in infants causing a marked T helper 2 (Th2) immune bias. This review seeks to provide an age-specific understanding of RSV immunity critical to the development of a successful pediatric RSV vaccine. Historical and future approaches to the prevention of infant RSV are reviewed, including passive protection using monoclonal antibodies or maternal immunization strategies versus active infant immunization using pre-fusion forms of RSV F protein antigens formulated with novel adjuvants such as Advax that avoid excess Th2 immune polarization. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7879001 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78790012021-02-22 Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization Eichinger, Katherine M. Kosanovich, Jessica L. Lipp, Madeline Empey, Kerry M. Petrovsky, Nikolai Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother Review Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children worldwide, with the most severe disease occurring in very young infants. Despite half a century of research there still are no licensed RSV vaccines. Difficulties in RSV vaccine development stem from a number of factors, including: (a) a very short time frame between birth and first RSV exposure; (b) interfering effects of maternal antibodies; and (c) differentially regulated immune responses in infants causing a marked T helper 2 (Th2) immune bias. This review seeks to provide an age-specific understanding of RSV immunity critical to the development of a successful pediatric RSV vaccine. Historical and future approaches to the prevention of infant RSV are reviewed, including passive protection using monoclonal antibodies or maternal immunization strategies versus active infant immunization using pre-fusion forms of RSV F protein antigens formulated with novel adjuvants such as Advax that avoid excess Th2 immune polarization. SAGE Publications 2021-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7879001/ /pubmed/33623860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515135520981516 Text en © The Author(s), 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Review Eichinger, Katherine M. Kosanovich, Jessica L. Lipp, Madeline Empey, Kerry M. Petrovsky, Nikolai Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization |
title | Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization |
title_full | Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization |
title_fullStr | Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization |
title_full_unstemmed | Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization |
title_short | Strategies for active and passive pediatric RSV immunization |
title_sort | strategies for active and passive pediatric rsv immunization |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7879001/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33623860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515135520981516 |
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