Syzygium Polyanthum Reduced TNF-α and ADAM17 Protein Expression in Myocardial Infarction Rat Model

BACKGROUND: In myocardial infarction (MI), inflammatory cytokine including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays pivotal role throughout worsening processes and recovery, whereas its cleavage is controlled by a disintegrin and metalloproteinases-17 (ADAM-17). Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) is widely used plant in Indonesia and Southeast Asian countries to treat various illnesses. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the effect of S. polyanthum extract towards TNF-α and ADAM17 expressions in MI rat model. METHODS: Myocardial infarction were surgically induced in wistar rats by ligating left anterior descending coronary artery in both treatment and control group. Around 3.6 mg of S. polyanthum extract (SPE) was administered via nasogastric tube to treatment groups, while control group received only saline. Serum TNF-α level and expression of TNF-α and ADAM17 in blanching heart muscle was examined in both groups on day 1, day 4, day 7, and day 14 after treatment with SPE. RESULTS: Reduction of serum TNF-α levels was markedly seen from day 4 in treatment group and was lower than in control group since day 4. Expression of ADAM17 was reduced and expression of TNF-α was only seen in myocardial membrane in group with SPE treatment. CONCLUSION: Syzygium polyanthum exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by decreasing ADAM17 expression subsequently lowering TNF-α regulation in MI rat model.