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Antinociceptive activity of Cnicus benedictus L. leaf extract: a mechanistic evaluation
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cnicus benedictus, a medicinal herb, traditionally had been used for the treatment of stomachache pain. In this study, the possible efficacy of Cnicus benedictus leaf methanolic extract (CBHE) and also cnicin, one of its major constituents, was measured on pain. EXPERIMENTAL...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7879793/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33628288 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1735-5362.297849 |
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author | Ahmadimoghaddam, Davoud Sadeghian, Reihaneh Ranjbar, Akram Izadidastenaei, Zohreh Mohammadi, Saeed |
author_facet | Ahmadimoghaddam, Davoud Sadeghian, Reihaneh Ranjbar, Akram Izadidastenaei, Zohreh Mohammadi, Saeed |
author_sort | Ahmadimoghaddam, Davoud |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cnicus benedictus, a medicinal herb, traditionally had been used for the treatment of stomachache pain. In this study, the possible efficacy of Cnicus benedictus leaf methanolic extract (CBHE) and also cnicin, one of its major constituents, was measured on pain. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: In this study, pain assessment tests include writhing, tail-flick (TF), and formalin- induced paw licking test (FIPLT) were used. To understand the possible mediated anti-nociceptive mechanism of CBHE, the opioid mechanism(s), and involvement of the L-arginine/ nitric oxide/cGMP/ATP-sensitive potassium channel pathway (LNCaP) were scrutinized. FINDINGS/RESULTS: In TF and writhing tests, CBHE (150 and 300 mg/kg, i.p) remarkably exhibited an anti-nociceptive effect compared to that of the control. Furthermore, CBHE (150 and 300 mg/kg, i.p) in comparison with the control showed a noteworthy anti-nociceptive effect (P < 0.01) in the tonic phase of FIPLT. In the writhing test, administration of selective opioid antagonist (naltrindole, nor-binaltorphimine, and naloxonazine) attenuated the anti-nociceptive effect of CBHE (300 mg/kg) in comparison with control. Moreover, pre-treatment with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, L-arginine hydrochloride, and glibenclamide significantly blocked the CBHE (300 mg/kg) anti-nociception (P < 0.05) while administration of sodium nitroprusside remarkably potentiated (P < 0.05) the antinociception induced by CBHE in the tonic phase of the FIPLT. Besides, cnicin (30 mg/kg) showed noteworthy anti-nociceptive effects in writhing, TF, and FIPLT paradigms. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Taken together, we elucidate that both CBHE and cnicin demonstrated antinociceptive effects in behavioral tests. The possible mechanisms of CBHE antinociception may involve in various neural signaling and modulatory pathways including LNCaP and opioidergic mechanisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7879793 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Wolters Kluwer - Medknow |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78797932021-02-23 Antinociceptive activity of Cnicus benedictus L. leaf extract: a mechanistic evaluation Ahmadimoghaddam, Davoud Sadeghian, Reihaneh Ranjbar, Akram Izadidastenaei, Zohreh Mohammadi, Saeed Res Pharm Sci Original Article BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cnicus benedictus, a medicinal herb, traditionally had been used for the treatment of stomachache pain. In this study, the possible efficacy of Cnicus benedictus leaf methanolic extract (CBHE) and also cnicin, one of its major constituents, was measured on pain. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: In this study, pain assessment tests include writhing, tail-flick (TF), and formalin- induced paw licking test (FIPLT) were used. To understand the possible mediated anti-nociceptive mechanism of CBHE, the opioid mechanism(s), and involvement of the L-arginine/ nitric oxide/cGMP/ATP-sensitive potassium channel pathway (LNCaP) were scrutinized. FINDINGS/RESULTS: In TF and writhing tests, CBHE (150 and 300 mg/kg, i.p) remarkably exhibited an anti-nociceptive effect compared to that of the control. Furthermore, CBHE (150 and 300 mg/kg, i.p) in comparison with the control showed a noteworthy anti-nociceptive effect (P < 0.01) in the tonic phase of FIPLT. In the writhing test, administration of selective opioid antagonist (naltrindole, nor-binaltorphimine, and naloxonazine) attenuated the anti-nociceptive effect of CBHE (300 mg/kg) in comparison with control. Moreover, pre-treatment with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, L-arginine hydrochloride, and glibenclamide significantly blocked the CBHE (300 mg/kg) anti-nociception (P < 0.05) while administration of sodium nitroprusside remarkably potentiated (P < 0.05) the antinociception induced by CBHE in the tonic phase of the FIPLT. Besides, cnicin (30 mg/kg) showed noteworthy anti-nociceptive effects in writhing, TF, and FIPLT paradigms. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Taken together, we elucidate that both CBHE and cnicin demonstrated antinociceptive effects in behavioral tests. The possible mechanisms of CBHE antinociception may involve in various neural signaling and modulatory pathways including LNCaP and opioidergic mechanisms. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2020-10-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7879793/ /pubmed/33628288 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1735-5362.297849 Text en Copyright: © 2020 Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Ahmadimoghaddam, Davoud Sadeghian, Reihaneh Ranjbar, Akram Izadidastenaei, Zohreh Mohammadi, Saeed Antinociceptive activity of Cnicus benedictus L. leaf extract: a mechanistic evaluation |
title | Antinociceptive activity of Cnicus benedictus L. leaf extract: a mechanistic evaluation |
title_full | Antinociceptive activity of Cnicus benedictus L. leaf extract: a mechanistic evaluation |
title_fullStr | Antinociceptive activity of Cnicus benedictus L. leaf extract: a mechanistic evaluation |
title_full_unstemmed | Antinociceptive activity of Cnicus benedictus L. leaf extract: a mechanistic evaluation |
title_short | Antinociceptive activity of Cnicus benedictus L. leaf extract: a mechanistic evaluation |
title_sort | antinociceptive activity of cnicus benedictus l. leaf extract: a mechanistic evaluation |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7879793/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33628288 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1735-5362.297849 |
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