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Phase I dose-escalation, safety, and CNS pharmacokinetic study of dexanabinol in patients with brain cancer
BACKGROUND: Dexanabinol is a synthetic analogue of tetrahydrocannabinol identified as a potential anti-cancer therapeutic by e-Therapeutics PLC. Dexanabinol was selected for further investigation based on its preclinical tumoricidal activity. This phase I dose-escalation trial examined the safety, d...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7883766/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33615223 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab006 |
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author | Juarez, Tiffany M Piccioni, David Rose, Lara Nguyen, Angel Brown, Bradley Kesari, Santosh |
author_facet | Juarez, Tiffany M Piccioni, David Rose, Lara Nguyen, Angel Brown, Bradley Kesari, Santosh |
author_sort | Juarez, Tiffany M |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Dexanabinol is a synthetic analogue of tetrahydrocannabinol identified as a potential anti-cancer therapeutic by e-Therapeutics PLC. Dexanabinol was selected for further investigation based on its preclinical tumoricidal activity. This phase I dose-escalation trial examined the safety, drug penetration into the central nervous system (CNS), preliminary antitumor activity, and recommended phase II dose. METHODS: Dexanabinol formulated in cremophor/ethanol was administered once weekly via 3-hour intravenous infusion to patients with brain cancer. RESULTS: A total of 26 patients were dosed once weekly at 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 28, and 36 mg/kg. Two patients at 36 mg/kg were nonevaluable for dose level confirmation, having withdrawn early for reasons unrelated to study treatment. A recommended phase II dose of dexanabinol was established at 28 mg/kg due to related, reversible adverse events at higher dose levels that required medications for symptomatic relief. The most common drug-related toxicities were the depressed level of consciousness and lightheadedness, diarrhea, itching, fatigue, chest discomfort, and tingling in the mouth. Systemic exposure to dexanabinol (AUC(0-t) and C(max)) increased from 2 to 36 mg/kg, with dose nonproportionality apparent at the highest dose; dexanabinol was present in appreciable levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which implies the possibility of exposure of intracranial tumors to drug. Five of 24 efficacy-evaluable patients (21%) experienced stable disease with a median duration of 2 cycles (28-day cycle) as the best response. CONCLUSIONS: Dexanabinol administered weekly by intravenous infusion was safe and well-tolerated up to 28 mg/kg in brain cancer patients, but has limited antitumor activity in patients with brain cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7883766 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78837662021-02-18 Phase I dose-escalation, safety, and CNS pharmacokinetic study of dexanabinol in patients with brain cancer Juarez, Tiffany M Piccioni, David Rose, Lara Nguyen, Angel Brown, Bradley Kesari, Santosh Neurooncol Adv Clinical Investigations BACKGROUND: Dexanabinol is a synthetic analogue of tetrahydrocannabinol identified as a potential anti-cancer therapeutic by e-Therapeutics PLC. Dexanabinol was selected for further investigation based on its preclinical tumoricidal activity. This phase I dose-escalation trial examined the safety, drug penetration into the central nervous system (CNS), preliminary antitumor activity, and recommended phase II dose. METHODS: Dexanabinol formulated in cremophor/ethanol was administered once weekly via 3-hour intravenous infusion to patients with brain cancer. RESULTS: A total of 26 patients were dosed once weekly at 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 28, and 36 mg/kg. Two patients at 36 mg/kg were nonevaluable for dose level confirmation, having withdrawn early for reasons unrelated to study treatment. A recommended phase II dose of dexanabinol was established at 28 mg/kg due to related, reversible adverse events at higher dose levels that required medications for symptomatic relief. The most common drug-related toxicities were the depressed level of consciousness and lightheadedness, diarrhea, itching, fatigue, chest discomfort, and tingling in the mouth. Systemic exposure to dexanabinol (AUC(0-t) and C(max)) increased from 2 to 36 mg/kg, with dose nonproportionality apparent at the highest dose; dexanabinol was present in appreciable levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which implies the possibility of exposure of intracranial tumors to drug. Five of 24 efficacy-evaluable patients (21%) experienced stable disease with a median duration of 2 cycles (28-day cycle) as the best response. CONCLUSIONS: Dexanabinol administered weekly by intravenous infusion was safe and well-tolerated up to 28 mg/kg in brain cancer patients, but has limited antitumor activity in patients with brain cancer. Oxford University Press 2021-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7883766/ /pubmed/33615223 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab006 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press, the Society for Neuro-Oncology and the European Association of Neuro-Oncology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Clinical Investigations Juarez, Tiffany M Piccioni, David Rose, Lara Nguyen, Angel Brown, Bradley Kesari, Santosh Phase I dose-escalation, safety, and CNS pharmacokinetic study of dexanabinol in patients with brain cancer |
title | Phase I dose-escalation, safety, and CNS pharmacokinetic study of dexanabinol in patients with brain cancer |
title_full | Phase I dose-escalation, safety, and CNS pharmacokinetic study of dexanabinol in patients with brain cancer |
title_fullStr | Phase I dose-escalation, safety, and CNS pharmacokinetic study of dexanabinol in patients with brain cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Phase I dose-escalation, safety, and CNS pharmacokinetic study of dexanabinol in patients with brain cancer |
title_short | Phase I dose-escalation, safety, and CNS pharmacokinetic study of dexanabinol in patients with brain cancer |
title_sort | phase i dose-escalation, safety, and cns pharmacokinetic study of dexanabinol in patients with brain cancer |
topic | Clinical Investigations |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7883766/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33615223 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab006 |
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