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mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy
mRNA vaccines have tremendous potential to fight against cancer and viral diseases due to superiorities in safety, efficacy and industrial production. In recent decades, we have witnessed the development of different kinds of mRNAs by sequence optimization to overcome the disadvantage of excessive m...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7884263/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33593376 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01311-z |
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author | Wang, Yang Zhang, Ziqi Luo, Jingwen Han, Xuejiao Wei, Yuquan Wei, Xiawei |
author_facet | Wang, Yang Zhang, Ziqi Luo, Jingwen Han, Xuejiao Wei, Yuquan Wei, Xiawei |
author_sort | Wang, Yang |
collection | PubMed |
description | mRNA vaccines have tremendous potential to fight against cancer and viral diseases due to superiorities in safety, efficacy and industrial production. In recent decades, we have witnessed the development of different kinds of mRNAs by sequence optimization to overcome the disadvantage of excessive mRNA immunogenicity, instability and inefficiency. Based on the immunological study, mRNA vaccines are coupled with immunologic adjuvant and various delivery strategies. Except for sequence optimization, the assistance of mRNA-delivering strategies is another method to stabilize mRNAs and improve their efficacy. The understanding of increasing the antigen reactiveness gains insight into mRNA-induced innate immunity and adaptive immunity without antibody-dependent enhancement activity. Therefore, to address the problem, scientists further exploited carrier-based mRNA vaccines (lipid-based delivery, polymer-based delivery, peptide-based delivery, virus-like replicon particle and cationic nanoemulsion), naked mRNA vaccines and dendritic cells-based mRNA vaccines. The article will discuss the molecular biology of mRNA vaccines and underlying anti-virus and anti-tumor mechanisms, with an introduction of their immunological phenomena, delivery strategies, their importance on Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related clinical trials against cancer and viral diseases. Finally, we will discuss the challenge of mRNA vaccines against bacterial and parasitic diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7884263 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78842632021-02-16 mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy Wang, Yang Zhang, Ziqi Luo, Jingwen Han, Xuejiao Wei, Yuquan Wei, Xiawei Mol Cancer Review mRNA vaccines have tremendous potential to fight against cancer and viral diseases due to superiorities in safety, efficacy and industrial production. In recent decades, we have witnessed the development of different kinds of mRNAs by sequence optimization to overcome the disadvantage of excessive mRNA immunogenicity, instability and inefficiency. Based on the immunological study, mRNA vaccines are coupled with immunologic adjuvant and various delivery strategies. Except for sequence optimization, the assistance of mRNA-delivering strategies is another method to stabilize mRNAs and improve their efficacy. The understanding of increasing the antigen reactiveness gains insight into mRNA-induced innate immunity and adaptive immunity without antibody-dependent enhancement activity. Therefore, to address the problem, scientists further exploited carrier-based mRNA vaccines (lipid-based delivery, polymer-based delivery, peptide-based delivery, virus-like replicon particle and cationic nanoemulsion), naked mRNA vaccines and dendritic cells-based mRNA vaccines. The article will discuss the molecular biology of mRNA vaccines and underlying anti-virus and anti-tumor mechanisms, with an introduction of their immunological phenomena, delivery strategies, their importance on Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related clinical trials against cancer and viral diseases. Finally, we will discuss the challenge of mRNA vaccines against bacterial and parasitic diseases. BioMed Central 2021-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7884263/ /pubmed/33593376 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01311-z Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Review Wang, Yang Zhang, Ziqi Luo, Jingwen Han, Xuejiao Wei, Yuquan Wei, Xiawei mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy |
title | mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy |
title_full | mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy |
title_fullStr | mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy |
title_full_unstemmed | mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy |
title_short | mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy |
title_sort | mrna vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7884263/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33593376 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01311-z |
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