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Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability

Antibodies serve as biomarkers of infection, but if sustained can confer long-term immunity. Yet, for most clinically approved vaccines, binding antibody titers only serve as a surrogate of protection. Instead, the ability of vaccine induced antibodies to neutralize or mediate Fc-effector functions...

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Autores principales: Bartsch, Yannic C., Fischinger, Stephanie, Siddiqui, Sameed M., Chen, Zhilin, Yu, Jingyou, Gebre, Makda, Atyeo, Caroline, Gorman, Matthew J., Zhu, Alex Lee, Kang, Jaewon, Burke, John S., Slein, Matthew, Gluck, Matthew J., Beger, Samuel, Hu, Yiyuan, Rhee, Justin, Petersen, Eric, Mormann, Benjamin, Aubin, Michael de St, Hasdianda, Mohammad A., Jambaulikar, Guruprasad, Boyer, Edward W., Sabeti, Pardis C., Barouch, Dan H., Julg, Boris D., Musk, Elon R., Menon, Anil S., Lauffenburger, Douglas A., Nilles, Eric J., Alter, Galit
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7884400/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33589636
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21336-8
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author Bartsch, Yannic C.
Fischinger, Stephanie
Siddiqui, Sameed M.
Chen, Zhilin
Yu, Jingyou
Gebre, Makda
Atyeo, Caroline
Gorman, Matthew J.
Zhu, Alex Lee
Kang, Jaewon
Burke, John S.
Slein, Matthew
Gluck, Matthew J.
Beger, Samuel
Hu, Yiyuan
Rhee, Justin
Petersen, Eric
Mormann, Benjamin
Aubin, Michael de St
Hasdianda, Mohammad A.
Jambaulikar, Guruprasad
Boyer, Edward W.
Sabeti, Pardis C.
Barouch, Dan H.
Julg, Boris D.
Musk, Elon R.
Menon, Anil S.
Lauffenburger, Douglas A.
Nilles, Eric J.
Alter, Galit
author_facet Bartsch, Yannic C.
Fischinger, Stephanie
Siddiqui, Sameed M.
Chen, Zhilin
Yu, Jingyou
Gebre, Makda
Atyeo, Caroline
Gorman, Matthew J.
Zhu, Alex Lee
Kang, Jaewon
Burke, John S.
Slein, Matthew
Gluck, Matthew J.
Beger, Samuel
Hu, Yiyuan
Rhee, Justin
Petersen, Eric
Mormann, Benjamin
Aubin, Michael de St
Hasdianda, Mohammad A.
Jambaulikar, Guruprasad
Boyer, Edward W.
Sabeti, Pardis C.
Barouch, Dan H.
Julg, Boris D.
Musk, Elon R.
Menon, Anil S.
Lauffenburger, Douglas A.
Nilles, Eric J.
Alter, Galit
author_sort Bartsch, Yannic C.
collection PubMed
description Antibodies serve as biomarkers of infection, but if sustained can confer long-term immunity. Yet, for most clinically approved vaccines, binding antibody titers only serve as a surrogate of protection. Instead, the ability of vaccine induced antibodies to neutralize or mediate Fc-effector functions is mechanistically linked to protection. While evidence has begun to point to persisting antibody responses among SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals, cases of re-infection have begun to emerge, calling the protective nature of humoral immunity against this highly infectious pathogen into question. Using a community-based surveillance study, we aimed to define the relationship between titers and functional antibody activity to SARS-CoV-2 over time. Here we report significant heterogeneity, but limited decay, across antibody titers amongst 120 identified seroconverters, most of whom had asymptomatic infection. Notably, neutralization, Fc-function, and SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses were only observed in subjects that elicited RBD-specific antibody titers above a threshold. The findings point to a switch-like relationship between observed antibody titer and function, where a distinct threshold of activity—defined by the level of antibodies—is required to elicit vigorous humoral and cellular response. This response activity level may be essential for durable protection, potentially explaining why re-infections occur with SARS-CoV-2 and other common coronaviruses.
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spelling pubmed-78844002021-02-25 Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability Bartsch, Yannic C. Fischinger, Stephanie Siddiqui, Sameed M. Chen, Zhilin Yu, Jingyou Gebre, Makda Atyeo, Caroline Gorman, Matthew J. Zhu, Alex Lee Kang, Jaewon Burke, John S. Slein, Matthew Gluck, Matthew J. Beger, Samuel Hu, Yiyuan Rhee, Justin Petersen, Eric Mormann, Benjamin Aubin, Michael de St Hasdianda, Mohammad A. Jambaulikar, Guruprasad Boyer, Edward W. Sabeti, Pardis C. Barouch, Dan H. Julg, Boris D. Musk, Elon R. Menon, Anil S. Lauffenburger, Douglas A. Nilles, Eric J. Alter, Galit Nat Commun Article Antibodies serve as biomarkers of infection, but if sustained can confer long-term immunity. Yet, for most clinically approved vaccines, binding antibody titers only serve as a surrogate of protection. Instead, the ability of vaccine induced antibodies to neutralize or mediate Fc-effector functions is mechanistically linked to protection. While evidence has begun to point to persisting antibody responses among SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals, cases of re-infection have begun to emerge, calling the protective nature of humoral immunity against this highly infectious pathogen into question. Using a community-based surveillance study, we aimed to define the relationship between titers and functional antibody activity to SARS-CoV-2 over time. Here we report significant heterogeneity, but limited decay, across antibody titers amongst 120 identified seroconverters, most of whom had asymptomatic infection. Notably, neutralization, Fc-function, and SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses were only observed in subjects that elicited RBD-specific antibody titers above a threshold. The findings point to a switch-like relationship between observed antibody titer and function, where a distinct threshold of activity—defined by the level of antibodies—is required to elicit vigorous humoral and cellular response. This response activity level may be essential for durable protection, potentially explaining why re-infections occur with SARS-CoV-2 and other common coronaviruses. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7884400/ /pubmed/33589636 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21336-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Bartsch, Yannic C.
Fischinger, Stephanie
Siddiqui, Sameed M.
Chen, Zhilin
Yu, Jingyou
Gebre, Makda
Atyeo, Caroline
Gorman, Matthew J.
Zhu, Alex Lee
Kang, Jaewon
Burke, John S.
Slein, Matthew
Gluck, Matthew J.
Beger, Samuel
Hu, Yiyuan
Rhee, Justin
Petersen, Eric
Mormann, Benjamin
Aubin, Michael de St
Hasdianda, Mohammad A.
Jambaulikar, Guruprasad
Boyer, Edward W.
Sabeti, Pardis C.
Barouch, Dan H.
Julg, Boris D.
Musk, Elon R.
Menon, Anil S.
Lauffenburger, Douglas A.
Nilles, Eric J.
Alter, Galit
Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability
title Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability
title_full Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability
title_fullStr Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability
title_full_unstemmed Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability
title_short Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability
title_sort discrete sars-cov-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7884400/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33589636
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21336-8
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