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Physiological, emotional and neural responses to visual stimuli in eating disorders: a review

BACKGROUND: Overconcern with food and shape/weight stimuli are central to eating disorder maintenance with attentional biases seen towards these images not present in healthy controls. These stimuli trigger changes in the physiological, emotional, and neural responses in people with eating disorders...

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Autores principales: Burmester, Victoria, Graham, Esme, Nicholls, Dasha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7890903/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33597022
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40337-021-00372-1
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author Burmester, Victoria
Graham, Esme
Nicholls, Dasha
author_facet Burmester, Victoria
Graham, Esme
Nicholls, Dasha
author_sort Burmester, Victoria
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Overconcern with food and shape/weight stimuli are central to eating disorder maintenance with attentional biases seen towards these images not present in healthy controls. These stimuli trigger changes in the physiological, emotional, and neural responses in people with eating disorders, and are regularly used in research and clinical practice. However, selection of stimuli for these treatments is frequently based on self-reported emotional ratings alone, and whether self-reports reflect objective responses is unknown. MAIN BODY: This review assessed the associations across emotional self-report, physiological, and neural responses to both food and body-shape/weight stimuli in people with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). For food stimuli, either an aversive or lack of physiological effect was generated in people with AN, together with a negative emotional response on neuroimaging, and high subjective anxiety ratings. People with BN showed a positive self-rating, an aversive physiological reaction, and a motivational neural response. In BED, an aversive physiological reaction was found in contrast to motivational/appetitive neural responses, with food images rated as pleasant. The results for shape/weight stimuli showed aversive responses in some physiological modalities, which was reflected in both the emotional and neural responses, but this aversive response was not consistent across physiological studies. CONCLUSIONS: Shape/weight stimuli are more reliable for use in therapy or research than food stimuli as the impact of these images is more consistent across subjective and objective responses. Care should be taken when using food stimuli due to the disconnect reported in this review.
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spelling pubmed-78909032021-02-22 Physiological, emotional and neural responses to visual stimuli in eating disorders: a review Burmester, Victoria Graham, Esme Nicholls, Dasha J Eat Disord Review BACKGROUND: Overconcern with food and shape/weight stimuli are central to eating disorder maintenance with attentional biases seen towards these images not present in healthy controls. These stimuli trigger changes in the physiological, emotional, and neural responses in people with eating disorders, and are regularly used in research and clinical practice. However, selection of stimuli for these treatments is frequently based on self-reported emotional ratings alone, and whether self-reports reflect objective responses is unknown. MAIN BODY: This review assessed the associations across emotional self-report, physiological, and neural responses to both food and body-shape/weight stimuli in people with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). For food stimuli, either an aversive or lack of physiological effect was generated in people with AN, together with a negative emotional response on neuroimaging, and high subjective anxiety ratings. People with BN showed a positive self-rating, an aversive physiological reaction, and a motivational neural response. In BED, an aversive physiological reaction was found in contrast to motivational/appetitive neural responses, with food images rated as pleasant. The results for shape/weight stimuli showed aversive responses in some physiological modalities, which was reflected in both the emotional and neural responses, but this aversive response was not consistent across physiological studies. CONCLUSIONS: Shape/weight stimuli are more reliable for use in therapy or research than food stimuli as the impact of these images is more consistent across subjective and objective responses. Care should be taken when using food stimuli due to the disconnect reported in this review. BioMed Central 2021-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7890903/ /pubmed/33597022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40337-021-00372-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Burmester, Victoria
Graham, Esme
Nicholls, Dasha
Physiological, emotional and neural responses to visual stimuli in eating disorders: a review
title Physiological, emotional and neural responses to visual stimuli in eating disorders: a review
title_full Physiological, emotional and neural responses to visual stimuli in eating disorders: a review
title_fullStr Physiological, emotional and neural responses to visual stimuli in eating disorders: a review
title_full_unstemmed Physiological, emotional and neural responses to visual stimuli in eating disorders: a review
title_short Physiological, emotional and neural responses to visual stimuli in eating disorders: a review
title_sort physiological, emotional and neural responses to visual stimuli in eating disorders: a review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7890903/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33597022
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40337-021-00372-1
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