Estimation of energy expenditure of Nordic walking: a crossover trial

BACKGROUND: Nordic walking (NW) requires more energy compared with conventional walking (W). However, the metabolic equation for NW has not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize responses in oxygen uptake, minute ventilation, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and surface elec...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Baek, Sora, Ha, Yuncheol
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7893942/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33608046
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-021-00240-0
_version_ 1783653149158932480
author Baek, Sora
Ha, Yuncheol
author_facet Baek, Sora
Ha, Yuncheol
author_sort Baek, Sora
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Nordic walking (NW) requires more energy compared with conventional walking (W). However, the metabolic equation for NW has not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize responses in oxygen uptake, minute ventilation, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and surface electromyography of the upper and lower limb muscles during NW and W and develop a metabolic equation for energy expenditure (E, mL·kg(− 1)·min(− 1)) of NW. METHODS: This study was performed in a randomized, controlled, crossover design to test the energy expenditure during NW and W. Fifteen healthy young men were enrolled (aged 23.7 ± 3.0 years). All participants performed two randomly ordered walking tests (NW and W) on a treadmill at a predetermined stepwise incremental walking speed (3–5 km·h(− 1)) and grade (0–7%). The oxygen uptake, minute ventilation, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and surface electromyography signals of the three upper limb muscles and three lower limb muscles in their right body were recorded and compared between NW and W using paired-t test. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to draw estimation of E during W and NW. RESULTS: Oxygen uptake (+ 15.8%), minute ventilation (+ 17.0%), heart rate (+ 8.4%), and systolic blood pressure (+ 7.7%) were higher in NW than in W (P < .05). NW resulted in increased muscle activity in all of the upper limb muscles (P < .05). In the lower limb, surface electromyography activities in two of the three lower limb muscles were increased in NW than in W only during level walking (P < .05). Energy expenditure during W and NW was estimated as follows: E(NW) = 6.1 + 0.09 × speed + 1.19 × speed × grade and E(W) = 4.4 + 0.09 × speed + 1.20 × speed × grade. CONCLUSION: NW showed higher work intensity than W, with an oxygen consumption difference of 1.7 mL·kg(− 1)·min(− 1). The coefficients were not different between the two walking methods. NW involved more muscles of the upper body than W.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7893942
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-78939422021-02-22 Estimation of energy expenditure of Nordic walking: a crossover trial Baek, Sora Ha, Yuncheol BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil Research Article BACKGROUND: Nordic walking (NW) requires more energy compared with conventional walking (W). However, the metabolic equation for NW has not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize responses in oxygen uptake, minute ventilation, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and surface electromyography of the upper and lower limb muscles during NW and W and develop a metabolic equation for energy expenditure (E, mL·kg(− 1)·min(− 1)) of NW. METHODS: This study was performed in a randomized, controlled, crossover design to test the energy expenditure during NW and W. Fifteen healthy young men were enrolled (aged 23.7 ± 3.0 years). All participants performed two randomly ordered walking tests (NW and W) on a treadmill at a predetermined stepwise incremental walking speed (3–5 km·h(− 1)) and grade (0–7%). The oxygen uptake, minute ventilation, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and surface electromyography signals of the three upper limb muscles and three lower limb muscles in their right body were recorded and compared between NW and W using paired-t test. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to draw estimation of E during W and NW. RESULTS: Oxygen uptake (+ 15.8%), minute ventilation (+ 17.0%), heart rate (+ 8.4%), and systolic blood pressure (+ 7.7%) were higher in NW than in W (P < .05). NW resulted in increased muscle activity in all of the upper limb muscles (P < .05). In the lower limb, surface electromyography activities in two of the three lower limb muscles were increased in NW than in W only during level walking (P < .05). Energy expenditure during W and NW was estimated as follows: E(NW) = 6.1 + 0.09 × speed + 1.19 × speed × grade and E(W) = 4.4 + 0.09 × speed + 1.20 × speed × grade. CONCLUSION: NW showed higher work intensity than W, with an oxygen consumption difference of 1.7 mL·kg(− 1)·min(− 1). The coefficients were not different between the two walking methods. NW involved more muscles of the upper body than W. BioMed Central 2021-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7893942/ /pubmed/33608046 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-021-00240-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Baek, Sora
Ha, Yuncheol
Estimation of energy expenditure of Nordic walking: a crossover trial
title Estimation of energy expenditure of Nordic walking: a crossover trial
title_full Estimation of energy expenditure of Nordic walking: a crossover trial
title_fullStr Estimation of energy expenditure of Nordic walking: a crossover trial
title_full_unstemmed Estimation of energy expenditure of Nordic walking: a crossover trial
title_short Estimation of energy expenditure of Nordic walking: a crossover trial
title_sort estimation of energy expenditure of nordic walking: a crossover trial
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7893942/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33608046
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-021-00240-0
work_keys_str_mv AT baeksora estimationofenergyexpenditureofnordicwalkingacrossovertrial
AT hayuncheol estimationofenergyexpenditureofnordicwalkingacrossovertrial