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Saliva for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in school-age children

OBJECTIVES: The high diagnostic accuracy indices for saliva severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) reported in adults has not been demonstrated in children, and adequately powered studies focused on the paediatric population are lacking. This...

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Autores principales: Al Suwaidi, Hanan, Senok, Abiola, Varghese, Rupa, Deesi, Zulfa, Khansaheb, Hamda, Pokasirakath, Sabeel, Chacko, Bino, Abufara, Ibrahim, Loney, Tom, Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7894096/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33618013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.02.009
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author Al Suwaidi, Hanan
Senok, Abiola
Varghese, Rupa
Deesi, Zulfa
Khansaheb, Hamda
Pokasirakath, Sabeel
Chacko, Bino
Abufara, Ibrahim
Loney, Tom
Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi
author_facet Al Suwaidi, Hanan
Senok, Abiola
Varghese, Rupa
Deesi, Zulfa
Khansaheb, Hamda
Pokasirakath, Sabeel
Chacko, Bino
Abufara, Ibrahim
Loney, Tom
Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi
author_sort Al Suwaidi, Hanan
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: The high diagnostic accuracy indices for saliva severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) reported in adults has not been demonstrated in children, and adequately powered studies focused on the paediatric population are lacking. This study was carried out to determine the diagnostic accuracy of saliva for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in ambulatory children. METHODS: During 1 to 23 October 2020, we recruited a population-based sample of children presenting for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) screening in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Each child provided paired nasopharyngeal (NP) swab and saliva for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR N, E and RdRp gene detection. RESULTS: Paired NP swab and saliva samples were obtained from 476 children with mean ± standard deviation age of 10.8 ± 3.9 years, and 58.2% were male (277/476). Nine participants were sampled twice, so 485 pairs of NP swab/saliva were tested. Virus detection in at least one specimen type was reported in 17.9% (87/485), with similar detection in NP swab (16.7%, 81/485) and saliva (15.9%, 77/485). Sensitivity and specificity of saliva RT-PCR was 87.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 78.5–93.9) and 98.5% (95% CI 96.8–99.5). The positive and negative predictive values were 92.2% (95% CI 84.2–96.3) and 97.6% (95% CI 95.7–98.6), with a kappa coefficient of 0.879 (95% CI 0.821–0.937). Concordance of findings between NP swab and saliva did not differ by age (p 0.67) or gender (p 0.29). Cycle threshold (Ct) values were significantly higher in NP swab/saliva pairs with discordant findings compared to those with both specimens positive. CONCLUSIONS: In light of these findings, we recommend saliva as a diagnostic specimen for COVID-19 screening in children.
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spelling pubmed-78940962021-02-22 Saliva for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in school-age children Al Suwaidi, Hanan Senok, Abiola Varghese, Rupa Deesi, Zulfa Khansaheb, Hamda Pokasirakath, Sabeel Chacko, Bino Abufara, Ibrahim Loney, Tom Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi Clin Microbiol Infect Original Article OBJECTIVES: The high diagnostic accuracy indices for saliva severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) reported in adults has not been demonstrated in children, and adequately powered studies focused on the paediatric population are lacking. This study was carried out to determine the diagnostic accuracy of saliva for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in ambulatory children. METHODS: During 1 to 23 October 2020, we recruited a population-based sample of children presenting for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) screening in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Each child provided paired nasopharyngeal (NP) swab and saliva for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR N, E and RdRp gene detection. RESULTS: Paired NP swab and saliva samples were obtained from 476 children with mean ± standard deviation age of 10.8 ± 3.9 years, and 58.2% were male (277/476). Nine participants were sampled twice, so 485 pairs of NP swab/saliva were tested. Virus detection in at least one specimen type was reported in 17.9% (87/485), with similar detection in NP swab (16.7%, 81/485) and saliva (15.9%, 77/485). Sensitivity and specificity of saliva RT-PCR was 87.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 78.5–93.9) and 98.5% (95% CI 96.8–99.5). The positive and negative predictive values were 92.2% (95% CI 84.2–96.3) and 97.6% (95% CI 95.7–98.6), with a kappa coefficient of 0.879 (95% CI 0.821–0.937). Concordance of findings between NP swab and saliva did not differ by age (p 0.67) or gender (p 0.29). Cycle threshold (Ct) values were significantly higher in NP swab/saliva pairs with discordant findings compared to those with both specimens positive. CONCLUSIONS: In light of these findings, we recommend saliva as a diagnostic specimen for COVID-19 screening in children. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2021-09 2021-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7894096/ /pubmed/33618013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.02.009 Text en © 2021 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Original Article
Al Suwaidi, Hanan
Senok, Abiola
Varghese, Rupa
Deesi, Zulfa
Khansaheb, Hamda
Pokasirakath, Sabeel
Chacko, Bino
Abufara, Ibrahim
Loney, Tom
Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi
Saliva for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in school-age children
title Saliva for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in school-age children
title_full Saliva for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in school-age children
title_fullStr Saliva for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in school-age children
title_full_unstemmed Saliva for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in school-age children
title_short Saliva for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 in school-age children
title_sort saliva for molecular detection of sars-cov-2 in school-age children
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7894096/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33618013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.02.009
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