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Cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle behaviours in relation to longevity: a Mendelian randomization study
BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association introduced the Life's Simple 7 initiative to improve cardiovascular health by modifying cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle behaviours. It is unclear whether these risk factors are causally associated with longevity. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7894570/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33107078 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joim.13196 |
Sumario: | BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association introduced the Life's Simple 7 initiative to improve cardiovascular health by modifying cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle behaviours. It is unclear whether these risk factors are causally associated with longevity. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate causal associations of Life's Simple 7 modifiable risk factors, as well as sleep and education, with longevity using the two‐sample Mendelian randomization design. METHODS: Instrumental variables for the modifiable risk factors were obtained from large‐scale genome‐wide association studies. Data on longevity beyond the 90(th) survival percentile were extracted from a genome‐wide association meta‐analysis with 11,262 cases and 25,483 controls whose age at death or last contact was ≤ the 60(th) survival percentile. RESULTS: Risk factors associated with a lower odds of longevity included the following: genetic liability to type 2 diabetes (OR 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84;0.92), genetically predicted systolic and diastolic blood pressure (per 1‐mmHg increase: 0.96; 0.94;0.97 and 0.95; 0.93;0.97), body mass index (per 1‐SD increase: 0.80; 0.74;0.86), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (per 1‐SD increase: 0.75; 0.65;0.86) and smoking initiation (0.75; 0.66;0.85). Genetically increased high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (per 1‐SD increase: 1.23; 1.08;1.41) and educational level (per 1‐SD increase: 1.64; 1.45;1.86) were associated with a higher odds of longevity. Fasting glucose and other lifestyle factors were not significantly associated with longevity. CONCLUSION: Most of the Life's Simple 7 modifiable risk factors are causally related to longevity. Prevention strategies should focus on modifying these risk factors and reducing education inequalities to improve cardiovascular health and longevity. |
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