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The intersection of land use and human behavior as risk factors for zoonotic pathogen exposure in Laikipia County, Kenya

A majority of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are zoonotic, mainly caused through spillover events linked to human-animal interactions. We conducted a survey-based human behavioral study in Laikipia County, Kenya, which is characterized by a dynamic human-wildlife-livestock interface. Questionna...

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Autores principales: Kamau, Joseph, Ashby, Elizabeth, Shields, Lindsey, Yu, Jennifer, Murray, Suzan, Vodzak, Megan, Kwallah, Allan Ole, Ambala, Peris, Zimmerman, Dawn
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7894889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33606671
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009143
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author Kamau, Joseph
Ashby, Elizabeth
Shields, Lindsey
Yu, Jennifer
Murray, Suzan
Vodzak, Megan
Kwallah, Allan Ole
Ambala, Peris
Zimmerman, Dawn
author_facet Kamau, Joseph
Ashby, Elizabeth
Shields, Lindsey
Yu, Jennifer
Murray, Suzan
Vodzak, Megan
Kwallah, Allan Ole
Ambala, Peris
Zimmerman, Dawn
author_sort Kamau, Joseph
collection PubMed
description A majority of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are zoonotic, mainly caused through spillover events linked to human-animal interactions. We conducted a survey-based human behavioral study in Laikipia County, Kenya, which is characterized by a dynamic human-wildlife-livestock interface. Questionnaires that assessed human-animal interactions, sanitation, and illnesses experienced within the past year were distributed to 327 participants among five communities in Laikipia. This study aimed to 1) describe variation in reported high-risk behaviors by community type and 2) assess the relationship between specific behaviors and self-reported illnesses. Behavioral trends were assessed in R via Fisher’s exact tests. A generalized linear mixed model with Lasso penalization (GLMMLasso) was used to assess correlations between behaviors and participants’ self-reported illness within the past year, with reported behaviors as independent variables and reported priority symptoms as the outcome. Reported behaviors varied significantly among the study communities. Participants from one community (Pastoralist-1) were significantly more likely to report eating a sick animal in the past year (p< 0.001), collecting an animal found dead to sell in the past year (p<0.0001), and not having a designated location for human waste (p<0.0001) when compared to participants from other communities. The GLMMLasso revealed that reports of an ill person in the household in the past year was significantly associated with self-reported illness. Sixty-eight percent of participants reported that bushmeat is available within the communities. Our study demonstrates community-level variation in behaviors that may influence zoonotic pathogen exposure. We further recommend development of targeted studies that explore behavioral variations among land use systems in animal production contexts.
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spelling pubmed-78948892021-03-01 The intersection of land use and human behavior as risk factors for zoonotic pathogen exposure in Laikipia County, Kenya Kamau, Joseph Ashby, Elizabeth Shields, Lindsey Yu, Jennifer Murray, Suzan Vodzak, Megan Kwallah, Allan Ole Ambala, Peris Zimmerman, Dawn PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article A majority of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are zoonotic, mainly caused through spillover events linked to human-animal interactions. We conducted a survey-based human behavioral study in Laikipia County, Kenya, which is characterized by a dynamic human-wildlife-livestock interface. Questionnaires that assessed human-animal interactions, sanitation, and illnesses experienced within the past year were distributed to 327 participants among five communities in Laikipia. This study aimed to 1) describe variation in reported high-risk behaviors by community type and 2) assess the relationship between specific behaviors and self-reported illnesses. Behavioral trends were assessed in R via Fisher’s exact tests. A generalized linear mixed model with Lasso penalization (GLMMLasso) was used to assess correlations between behaviors and participants’ self-reported illness within the past year, with reported behaviors as independent variables and reported priority symptoms as the outcome. Reported behaviors varied significantly among the study communities. Participants from one community (Pastoralist-1) were significantly more likely to report eating a sick animal in the past year (p< 0.001), collecting an animal found dead to sell in the past year (p<0.0001), and not having a designated location for human waste (p<0.0001) when compared to participants from other communities. The GLMMLasso revealed that reports of an ill person in the household in the past year was significantly associated with self-reported illness. Sixty-eight percent of participants reported that bushmeat is available within the communities. Our study demonstrates community-level variation in behaviors that may influence zoonotic pathogen exposure. We further recommend development of targeted studies that explore behavioral variations among land use systems in animal production contexts. Public Library of Science 2021-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7894889/ /pubmed/33606671 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009143 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kamau, Joseph
Ashby, Elizabeth
Shields, Lindsey
Yu, Jennifer
Murray, Suzan
Vodzak, Megan
Kwallah, Allan Ole
Ambala, Peris
Zimmerman, Dawn
The intersection of land use and human behavior as risk factors for zoonotic pathogen exposure in Laikipia County, Kenya
title The intersection of land use and human behavior as risk factors for zoonotic pathogen exposure in Laikipia County, Kenya
title_full The intersection of land use and human behavior as risk factors for zoonotic pathogen exposure in Laikipia County, Kenya
title_fullStr The intersection of land use and human behavior as risk factors for zoonotic pathogen exposure in Laikipia County, Kenya
title_full_unstemmed The intersection of land use and human behavior as risk factors for zoonotic pathogen exposure in Laikipia County, Kenya
title_short The intersection of land use and human behavior as risk factors for zoonotic pathogen exposure in Laikipia County, Kenya
title_sort intersection of land use and human behavior as risk factors for zoonotic pathogen exposure in laikipia county, kenya
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7894889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33606671
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009143
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