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Protection, disinfection, and immunization for healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic: Role of natural and synthetic macromolecules
The world is trying to improve public health while the outbreak of the COVID-19 is at its worst. So far, countless people have died from the COVID-19 disease and it is still a serious threat to human health. Synthetic and natural polymers are unavoidable materials in the healthcare sector. During th...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier B.V.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7895681/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145989 |
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author | Mallakpour, Shadpour Azadi, Elham Hussain, Chaudhery Mustansar |
author_facet | Mallakpour, Shadpour Azadi, Elham Hussain, Chaudhery Mustansar |
author_sort | Mallakpour, Shadpour |
collection | PubMed |
description | The world is trying to improve public health while the outbreak of the COVID-19 is at its worst. So far, countless people have died from the COVID-19 disease and it is still a serious threat to human health. Synthetic and natural polymers are unavoidable materials in the healthcare sector. During the COVID-19 outbreak, diverse medical equipment and devices were designed and developed by using these macromolecules for the protection, disinfection, and immunization applications. Synthetic polymers such as polypropylene, polystyrene, poly(lactic acid), poly(ethylene terephthalate), and so forth have been successfully applied for the design and fabrication of diverse face masks, shields, anti-viral coatings, as well as diagnostic kits. Natural polymers having great features such as biodegradability and environmentally friendly are made from algae, plants, and animals. These polymers including sodium alginate, chitosan, cellulose, and gums have been shown a critical role in the fabrication of personal protective equipment, immunosensors, and anti-viral spray for control and fight against COVID-19. Besides, the problem of plastic waste can be solved by replacing them with natural polymers. This mini-review aims to show the application of polymer-based materials during the COVID-19 epidemic. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7895681 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Elsevier B.V. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78956812021-02-22 Protection, disinfection, and immunization for healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic: Role of natural and synthetic macromolecules Mallakpour, Shadpour Azadi, Elham Hussain, Chaudhery Mustansar Sci Total Environ Article The world is trying to improve public health while the outbreak of the COVID-19 is at its worst. So far, countless people have died from the COVID-19 disease and it is still a serious threat to human health. Synthetic and natural polymers are unavoidable materials in the healthcare sector. During the COVID-19 outbreak, diverse medical equipment and devices were designed and developed by using these macromolecules for the protection, disinfection, and immunization applications. Synthetic polymers such as polypropylene, polystyrene, poly(lactic acid), poly(ethylene terephthalate), and so forth have been successfully applied for the design and fabrication of diverse face masks, shields, anti-viral coatings, as well as diagnostic kits. Natural polymers having great features such as biodegradability and environmentally friendly are made from algae, plants, and animals. These polymers including sodium alginate, chitosan, cellulose, and gums have been shown a critical role in the fabrication of personal protective equipment, immunosensors, and anti-viral spray for control and fight against COVID-19. Besides, the problem of plastic waste can be solved by replacing them with natural polymers. This mini-review aims to show the application of polymer-based materials during the COVID-19 epidemic. Elsevier B.V. 2021-07-01 2021-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7895681/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145989 Text en © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Mallakpour, Shadpour Azadi, Elham Hussain, Chaudhery Mustansar Protection, disinfection, and immunization for healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic: Role of natural and synthetic macromolecules |
title | Protection, disinfection, and immunization for healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic: Role of natural and synthetic macromolecules |
title_full | Protection, disinfection, and immunization for healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic: Role of natural and synthetic macromolecules |
title_fullStr | Protection, disinfection, and immunization for healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic: Role of natural and synthetic macromolecules |
title_full_unstemmed | Protection, disinfection, and immunization for healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic: Role of natural and synthetic macromolecules |
title_short | Protection, disinfection, and immunization for healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic: Role of natural and synthetic macromolecules |
title_sort | protection, disinfection, and immunization for healthcare during the covid-19 pandemic: role of natural and synthetic macromolecules |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7895681/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145989 |
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