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An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections
In early June 2018, an increase in non-travel-related cases of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease (LD) was observed in Sweden and a national outbreak investigation was started. Outbreak cases were defined as notified confirmed or probable cases of L. non-pneumophila LD, with symptom on...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7897914/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33602385 http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.7.1900702 |
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author | Löf, Emma Chereau, Fanny Jureen, Pontus Andersson, Sabina Rizzardi, Kristina Edquist, Petra Kühlmann-Berenzon, Sharon Galanis, Ilias Schönning, Caroline Kais, Madeleine Tideholm Nylén, Anne Wallensten, Anders Roth, Adam |
author_facet | Löf, Emma Chereau, Fanny Jureen, Pontus Andersson, Sabina Rizzardi, Kristina Edquist, Petra Kühlmann-Berenzon, Sharon Galanis, Ilias Schönning, Caroline Kais, Madeleine Tideholm Nylén, Anne Wallensten, Anders Roth, Adam |
author_sort | Löf, Emma |
collection | PubMed |
description | In early June 2018, an increase in non-travel-related cases of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease (LD) was observed in Sweden and a national outbreak investigation was started. Outbreak cases were defined as notified confirmed or probable cases of L. non-pneumophila LD, with symptom onset after 1 April 2018. From April to August 2018, 41 cases were reported, 30 of whom were identified as L. longbeachae. We conducted a case–control study with 27 cases and 182 matched controls. Results from the case–control study indicated that gardening and handling commercial bagged soil, especially dusty dry soil, were associated with disease. L. longbeachae was isolated in soils from cases’ homes or gardens, but joint analysis of soil and human specimens did not identify any genetic clonality. Substantial polyclonality was noted between and within soil samples, which made finding a genetic match between soil and human specimens unlikely. Therefore, whole genome sequencing may be of limited use to confirm a specific soil as a vehicle of transmission for L. longbeachae. Handling soil for residential gardening was associated with disease and the isolation of L. longbeachae in different soils provided further evidence for Legionella non-pneumophila infection from soil. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7897914 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-78979142021-02-22 An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections Löf, Emma Chereau, Fanny Jureen, Pontus Andersson, Sabina Rizzardi, Kristina Edquist, Petra Kühlmann-Berenzon, Sharon Galanis, Ilias Schönning, Caroline Kais, Madeleine Tideholm Nylén, Anne Wallensten, Anders Roth, Adam Euro Surveill Outbreaks In early June 2018, an increase in non-travel-related cases of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease (LD) was observed in Sweden and a national outbreak investigation was started. Outbreak cases were defined as notified confirmed or probable cases of L. non-pneumophila LD, with symptom onset after 1 April 2018. From April to August 2018, 41 cases were reported, 30 of whom were identified as L. longbeachae. We conducted a case–control study with 27 cases and 182 matched controls. Results from the case–control study indicated that gardening and handling commercial bagged soil, especially dusty dry soil, were associated with disease. L. longbeachae was isolated in soils from cases’ homes or gardens, but joint analysis of soil and human specimens did not identify any genetic clonality. Substantial polyclonality was noted between and within soil samples, which made finding a genetic match between soil and human specimens unlikely. Therefore, whole genome sequencing may be of limited use to confirm a specific soil as a vehicle of transmission for L. longbeachae. Handling soil for residential gardening was associated with disease and the isolation of L. longbeachae in different soils provided further evidence for Legionella non-pneumophila infection from soil. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) 2021-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7897914/ /pubmed/33602385 http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.7.1900702 Text en This article is copyright of the authors or their affiliated institutions, 2021. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made. |
spellingShingle | Outbreaks Löf, Emma Chereau, Fanny Jureen, Pontus Andersson, Sabina Rizzardi, Kristina Edquist, Petra Kühlmann-Berenzon, Sharon Galanis, Ilias Schönning, Caroline Kais, Madeleine Tideholm Nylén, Anne Wallensten, Anders Roth, Adam An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections |
title | An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections |
title_full | An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections |
title_fullStr | An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections |
title_full_unstemmed | An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections |
title_short | An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections |
title_sort | outbreak investigation of legionella non-pneumophila legionnaires’ disease in sweden, april to august 2018: gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections |
topic | Outbreaks |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7897914/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33602385 http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.7.1900702 |
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