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An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections

In early June 2018, an increase in non-travel-related cases of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease (LD) was observed in Sweden and a national outbreak investigation was started. Outbreak cases were defined as notified confirmed or probable cases of L. non-pneumophila LD, with symptom on...

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Autores principales: Löf, Emma, Chereau, Fanny, Jureen, Pontus, Andersson, Sabina, Rizzardi, Kristina, Edquist, Petra, Kühlmann-Berenzon, Sharon, Galanis, Ilias, Schönning, Caroline, Kais, Madeleine, Tideholm Nylén, Anne, Wallensten, Anders, Roth, Adam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7897914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33602385
http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.7.1900702
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author Löf, Emma
Chereau, Fanny
Jureen, Pontus
Andersson, Sabina
Rizzardi, Kristina
Edquist, Petra
Kühlmann-Berenzon, Sharon
Galanis, Ilias
Schönning, Caroline
Kais, Madeleine
Tideholm Nylén, Anne
Wallensten, Anders
Roth, Adam
author_facet Löf, Emma
Chereau, Fanny
Jureen, Pontus
Andersson, Sabina
Rizzardi, Kristina
Edquist, Petra
Kühlmann-Berenzon, Sharon
Galanis, Ilias
Schönning, Caroline
Kais, Madeleine
Tideholm Nylén, Anne
Wallensten, Anders
Roth, Adam
author_sort Löf, Emma
collection PubMed
description In early June 2018, an increase in non-travel-related cases of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease (LD) was observed in Sweden and a national outbreak investigation was started. Outbreak cases were defined as notified confirmed or probable cases of L. non-pneumophila LD, with symptom onset after 1 April 2018. From April to August 2018, 41 cases were reported, 30 of whom were identified as L. longbeachae. We conducted a case–control study with 27 cases and 182 matched controls. Results from the case–control study indicated that gardening and handling commercial bagged soil, especially dusty dry soil, were associated with disease. L. longbeachae was isolated in soils from cases’ homes or gardens, but joint analysis of soil and human specimens did not identify any genetic clonality. Substantial polyclonality was noted between and within soil samples, which made finding a genetic match between soil and human specimens unlikely. Therefore, whole genome sequencing may be of limited use to confirm a specific soil as a vehicle of transmission for L. longbeachae. Handling soil for residential gardening was associated with disease and the isolation of L. longbeachae in different soils provided further evidence for Legionella non-pneumophila infection from soil.
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spelling pubmed-78979142021-02-22 An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections Löf, Emma Chereau, Fanny Jureen, Pontus Andersson, Sabina Rizzardi, Kristina Edquist, Petra Kühlmann-Berenzon, Sharon Galanis, Ilias Schönning, Caroline Kais, Madeleine Tideholm Nylén, Anne Wallensten, Anders Roth, Adam Euro Surveill Outbreaks In early June 2018, an increase in non-travel-related cases of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease (LD) was observed in Sweden and a national outbreak investigation was started. Outbreak cases were defined as notified confirmed or probable cases of L. non-pneumophila LD, with symptom onset after 1 April 2018. From April to August 2018, 41 cases were reported, 30 of whom were identified as L. longbeachae. We conducted a case–control study with 27 cases and 182 matched controls. Results from the case–control study indicated that gardening and handling commercial bagged soil, especially dusty dry soil, were associated with disease. L. longbeachae was isolated in soils from cases’ homes or gardens, but joint analysis of soil and human specimens did not identify any genetic clonality. Substantial polyclonality was noted between and within soil samples, which made finding a genetic match between soil and human specimens unlikely. Therefore, whole genome sequencing may be of limited use to confirm a specific soil as a vehicle of transmission for L. longbeachae. Handling soil for residential gardening was associated with disease and the isolation of L. longbeachae in different soils provided further evidence for Legionella non-pneumophila infection from soil. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) 2021-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7897914/ /pubmed/33602385 http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.7.1900702 Text en This article is copyright of the authors or their affiliated institutions, 2021. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Outbreaks
Löf, Emma
Chereau, Fanny
Jureen, Pontus
Andersson, Sabina
Rizzardi, Kristina
Edquist, Petra
Kühlmann-Berenzon, Sharon
Galanis, Ilias
Schönning, Caroline
Kais, Madeleine
Tideholm Nylén, Anne
Wallensten, Anders
Roth, Adam
An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections
title An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections
title_full An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections
title_fullStr An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections
title_full_unstemmed An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections
title_short An outbreak investigation of Legionella non-pneumophila Legionnaires’ disease in Sweden, April to August 2018: Gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections
title_sort outbreak investigation of legionella non-pneumophila legionnaires’ disease in sweden, april to august 2018: gardening and use of commercial bagged soil associated with infections
topic Outbreaks
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7897914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33602385
http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.7.1900702
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