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Identification of Vicia Species Native to South Korea Using Molecular and Morphological Characteristics

Recently, within the Fabaceae family, the Vicia genus has been recognized for its vital role in sustainable agriculture. Vicia species are economically important grain and forage crops. However, the presence of complex morphological characteristics makes identification and recognition of native spec...

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Autores principales: Han, Seahee, Sebastin, Raveendar, Wang, XiaoHan, Lee, Kyung Jun, Cho, Gyu-Taek, Hyun, Do Yoon, Chung, Jong-Wook
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7900155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33633762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.608559
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author Han, Seahee
Sebastin, Raveendar
Wang, XiaoHan
Lee, Kyung Jun
Cho, Gyu-Taek
Hyun, Do Yoon
Chung, Jong-Wook
author_facet Han, Seahee
Sebastin, Raveendar
Wang, XiaoHan
Lee, Kyung Jun
Cho, Gyu-Taek
Hyun, Do Yoon
Chung, Jong-Wook
author_sort Han, Seahee
collection PubMed
description Recently, within the Fabaceae family, the Vicia genus has been recognized for its vital role in sustainable agriculture. Vicia species are economically important grain and forage crops. However, the presence of complex morphological characteristics makes identification and recognition of native species difficult. In this study, the possibility of using DNA barcoding regions (ITS2, matK, and rbcL) to distinguish among 19 Vicia taxa (59 accessions) found in South Korea was evaluated. The sequence alignment analysis revealed considerable nucleotide diversity (π) between the loci, in which ITS2 showed the highest mean interspecific distance, whereas there was no intraspecific variability among the barcode regions in 12 of the 19 taxa. Phylogenetic analysis of combined barcoding regions revealed well-resolved phylogeny with the highest species level discrimination. Combinations of barcode loci were also used in classification at the subgenera and section levels. The results revealed that the combined barcoding regions can be used effectively to differentiate the following species: Vicia angustifolia var. segetilis, Vicia bungei, Vicia villosa, Vicia cracca, Vicia dasycarpa, Vicia hirsuta, Vicia tetrasperma, Vicia amurensis, Vicia hirticalycina, and Vicia chosenensis. However, it is difficult to differentiate the species of Vicia unijuga, Vicia unijuga var. kaussanensis, Vicia linearifolia, Vicia unijuga f. angustifolia, Vicia nipponica, Vicia amoena, Vicia venosa var. cuspidata, Vicia pseudo-orobus, and Vicia japonica with the tested barcode regions. These species come under sect. Vicilla and are found to be closely related or species that have recently undergone speciation; thus, it has limitation to distinguish with recommended barcodes. Hence, to differentiate the unclassified species, 39 morphological characteristics were investigated, in which 16 useful characteristics were selected for efficient classification. Finally, the 16 selected morphological useful traits efficiently differentiated all the Vicia species. In conclusion, a combination of barcoding loci together with morphological characteristics of this study efficiently discriminated all the Korean Vicia species.
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spelling pubmed-79001552021-02-24 Identification of Vicia Species Native to South Korea Using Molecular and Morphological Characteristics Han, Seahee Sebastin, Raveendar Wang, XiaoHan Lee, Kyung Jun Cho, Gyu-Taek Hyun, Do Yoon Chung, Jong-Wook Front Plant Sci Plant Science Recently, within the Fabaceae family, the Vicia genus has been recognized for its vital role in sustainable agriculture. Vicia species are economically important grain and forage crops. However, the presence of complex morphological characteristics makes identification and recognition of native species difficult. In this study, the possibility of using DNA barcoding regions (ITS2, matK, and rbcL) to distinguish among 19 Vicia taxa (59 accessions) found in South Korea was evaluated. The sequence alignment analysis revealed considerable nucleotide diversity (π) between the loci, in which ITS2 showed the highest mean interspecific distance, whereas there was no intraspecific variability among the barcode regions in 12 of the 19 taxa. Phylogenetic analysis of combined barcoding regions revealed well-resolved phylogeny with the highest species level discrimination. Combinations of barcode loci were also used in classification at the subgenera and section levels. The results revealed that the combined barcoding regions can be used effectively to differentiate the following species: Vicia angustifolia var. segetilis, Vicia bungei, Vicia villosa, Vicia cracca, Vicia dasycarpa, Vicia hirsuta, Vicia tetrasperma, Vicia amurensis, Vicia hirticalycina, and Vicia chosenensis. However, it is difficult to differentiate the species of Vicia unijuga, Vicia unijuga var. kaussanensis, Vicia linearifolia, Vicia unijuga f. angustifolia, Vicia nipponica, Vicia amoena, Vicia venosa var. cuspidata, Vicia pseudo-orobus, and Vicia japonica with the tested barcode regions. These species come under sect. Vicilla and are found to be closely related or species that have recently undergone speciation; thus, it has limitation to distinguish with recommended barcodes. Hence, to differentiate the unclassified species, 39 morphological characteristics were investigated, in which 16 useful characteristics were selected for efficient classification. Finally, the 16 selected morphological useful traits efficiently differentiated all the Vicia species. In conclusion, a combination of barcoding loci together with morphological characteristics of this study efficiently discriminated all the Korean Vicia species. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7900155/ /pubmed/33633762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.608559 Text en Copyright © 2021 Han, Sebastin, Wang, Lee, Cho, Hyun and Chung. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Han, Seahee
Sebastin, Raveendar
Wang, XiaoHan
Lee, Kyung Jun
Cho, Gyu-Taek
Hyun, Do Yoon
Chung, Jong-Wook
Identification of Vicia Species Native to South Korea Using Molecular and Morphological Characteristics
title Identification of Vicia Species Native to South Korea Using Molecular and Morphological Characteristics
title_full Identification of Vicia Species Native to South Korea Using Molecular and Morphological Characteristics
title_fullStr Identification of Vicia Species Native to South Korea Using Molecular and Morphological Characteristics
title_full_unstemmed Identification of Vicia Species Native to South Korea Using Molecular and Morphological Characteristics
title_short Identification of Vicia Species Native to South Korea Using Molecular and Morphological Characteristics
title_sort identification of vicia species native to south korea using molecular and morphological characteristics
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7900155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33633762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.608559
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