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Differential Physical and Mental Benefits of Physiotherapy Program Among Patients With Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls Suggesting Different Physical Characteristics and Needs
In contrast to several other severe illnesses marked by inflammation and autoimmunity that now have potent and efficient treatments and even cures, schizophrenia (SCZ) is a disease still associated with poor outcome, incapacity, and social burden. Even after decades of research on the brain and beha...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7900508/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33633600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.536767 |
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author | Szortyka, Michele Fonseca Batista Cristiano, Viviane Belmonte-de-Abreu, Paulo |
author_facet | Szortyka, Michele Fonseca Batista Cristiano, Viviane Belmonte-de-Abreu, Paulo |
author_sort | Szortyka, Michele Fonseca |
collection | PubMed |
description | In contrast to several other severe illnesses marked by inflammation and autoimmunity that now have potent and efficient treatments and even cures, schizophrenia (SCZ) is a disease still associated with poor outcome, incapacity, and social burden. Even after decades of research on the brain and behavior, this illness is still associated with profound effects on both mental health and physical health, with recent studies showing that treatment is more efficient when associating drugs with psychological and physical treatments. Most of the studies measured the effects of physical intervention compared with usual care and demonstrated a positive effect as an add-on treatment. What remains unclear is the different effects of the same intervention in normal subjects in a sample of patients with the illness. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of physical intervention over motor functional capacity and mental health in patients with SCZ compared with healthy controls (HC). The outcomes were (a) functional capacity [by 6-min walk test (6MWT)], (b) body flexibility index (Wells' bench), (c) disease severity [by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)], (d) quality of life [by 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire], and (e) physical activity [Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ)]. The intervention was associated with significant decrease of body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, disease severity, and improvement in daily life activities. Unexpectedly, it was observed that schizophrenics, compared with matched HC, were at a lower level of performance in the beginning, remained below HC over the studied time despite similar physical intervention, and had different changes. The intervention had lower effects over physical capacity and better effects over quality of life and disease severity. The results confirm previous studies comparing patients receiving physical intervention but suggest that they may receive different types of intervention, suited for their different baseline fitness, motivation, and capacity to engage in physical effort over sustained time. Additionally, they point to extended time of intervention of multidisciplinary treatment (physical and psychological–cognitive techniques) to improve outcomes in SCZ. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7900508 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79005082021-02-24 Differential Physical and Mental Benefits of Physiotherapy Program Among Patients With Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls Suggesting Different Physical Characteristics and Needs Szortyka, Michele Fonseca Batista Cristiano, Viviane Belmonte-de-Abreu, Paulo Front Psychiatry Psychiatry In contrast to several other severe illnesses marked by inflammation and autoimmunity that now have potent and efficient treatments and even cures, schizophrenia (SCZ) is a disease still associated with poor outcome, incapacity, and social burden. Even after decades of research on the brain and behavior, this illness is still associated with profound effects on both mental health and physical health, with recent studies showing that treatment is more efficient when associating drugs with psychological and physical treatments. Most of the studies measured the effects of physical intervention compared with usual care and demonstrated a positive effect as an add-on treatment. What remains unclear is the different effects of the same intervention in normal subjects in a sample of patients with the illness. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of physical intervention over motor functional capacity and mental health in patients with SCZ compared with healthy controls (HC). The outcomes were (a) functional capacity [by 6-min walk test (6MWT)], (b) body flexibility index (Wells' bench), (c) disease severity [by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)], (d) quality of life [by 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire], and (e) physical activity [Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ)]. The intervention was associated with significant decrease of body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, disease severity, and improvement in daily life activities. Unexpectedly, it was observed that schizophrenics, compared with matched HC, were at a lower level of performance in the beginning, remained below HC over the studied time despite similar physical intervention, and had different changes. The intervention had lower effects over physical capacity and better effects over quality of life and disease severity. The results confirm previous studies comparing patients receiving physical intervention but suggest that they may receive different types of intervention, suited for their different baseline fitness, motivation, and capacity to engage in physical effort over sustained time. Additionally, they point to extended time of intervention of multidisciplinary treatment (physical and psychological–cognitive techniques) to improve outcomes in SCZ. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7900508/ /pubmed/33633600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.536767 Text en Copyright © 2021 Szortyka, Batista Cristiano and Belmonte-de-Abreu. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychiatry Szortyka, Michele Fonseca Batista Cristiano, Viviane Belmonte-de-Abreu, Paulo Differential Physical and Mental Benefits of Physiotherapy Program Among Patients With Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls Suggesting Different Physical Characteristics and Needs |
title | Differential Physical and Mental Benefits of Physiotherapy Program Among Patients With Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls Suggesting Different Physical Characteristics and Needs |
title_full | Differential Physical and Mental Benefits of Physiotherapy Program Among Patients With Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls Suggesting Different Physical Characteristics and Needs |
title_fullStr | Differential Physical and Mental Benefits of Physiotherapy Program Among Patients With Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls Suggesting Different Physical Characteristics and Needs |
title_full_unstemmed | Differential Physical and Mental Benefits of Physiotherapy Program Among Patients With Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls Suggesting Different Physical Characteristics and Needs |
title_short | Differential Physical and Mental Benefits of Physiotherapy Program Among Patients With Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls Suggesting Different Physical Characteristics and Needs |
title_sort | differential physical and mental benefits of physiotherapy program among patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls suggesting different physical characteristics and needs |
topic | Psychiatry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7900508/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33633600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.536767 |
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