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Mycorrhizal Communities and Isotope Signatures in Two Partially Mycoheterotrophic Orchids

Partial mycoheterotrophy, the ability of plants to obtain carbon from fungi throughout their life cycle in combination with photosynthesis, appears to be more common within the Plant Kingdom than previously anticipated. Recent studies using stable isotope analyses have indicated that isotope signatu...

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Autores principales: Jacquemyn, Hans, Brys, Rein, Waud, Michael, Evans, Alexandra, Figura, Tomáš, Selosse, Marc-André
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7901878/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33633765
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.618140
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author Jacquemyn, Hans
Brys, Rein
Waud, Michael
Evans, Alexandra
Figura, Tomáš
Selosse, Marc-André
author_facet Jacquemyn, Hans
Brys, Rein
Waud, Michael
Evans, Alexandra
Figura, Tomáš
Selosse, Marc-André
author_sort Jacquemyn, Hans
collection PubMed
description Partial mycoheterotrophy, the ability of plants to obtain carbon from fungi throughout their life cycle in combination with photosynthesis, appears to be more common within the Plant Kingdom than previously anticipated. Recent studies using stable isotope analyses have indicated that isotope signatures in partially mycoheterotrophic plants vary widely among species, but the relative contributions of family- or species-specific characteristics and the identity of the fungal symbionts to the observed differences remain unclear. Here, we investigated in detail mycorrhizal communities and isotopic signatures in four co-occurring terrestrial orchids (Platanthera chlorantha, Epipactis helleborine, E. neglecta and the mycoheterotrophic Neottia nidus-avis). All investigated species were mycorrhizal generalists (i.e., associated with a large number of fungi simultaneously), but mycorrhizal communities differed significantly between species. Mycorrhizal communities associating with the two Epipactis species consisted of a wide range of fungi belonging to different families, whereas P. chlorantha and N. nidus-avis associated mainly with Ceratobasidiaceae and Sebacinaceae species, respectively. Isotopic signatures differed significantly between both Epipactis species, with E. helleborine showing near autotrophic behavior and E. neglecta showing significant enrichment in both carbon and nitrogen. No significant differences in photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were observed between the two partially mycoheterotrophic orchids, despite significant differences in isotopic signatures. Our results demonstrate that partially mycoheterotrophic orchids of the genus Epipactis formed mycorrhizas with a wide diversity of fungi from different fungal families, but variation in mycorrhizal community composition was not related to isotope signatures and thus transfer of C and N to the plant. We conclude that the observed differences in isotope signatures between E. helleborine and E. neglecta cannot solely be explained by differences in mycorrhizal communities, but most likely reflect a combination of inherent physiological differences and differences in mycorrhizal communities.
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spelling pubmed-79018782021-02-24 Mycorrhizal Communities and Isotope Signatures in Two Partially Mycoheterotrophic Orchids Jacquemyn, Hans Brys, Rein Waud, Michael Evans, Alexandra Figura, Tomáš Selosse, Marc-André Front Plant Sci Plant Science Partial mycoheterotrophy, the ability of plants to obtain carbon from fungi throughout their life cycle in combination with photosynthesis, appears to be more common within the Plant Kingdom than previously anticipated. Recent studies using stable isotope analyses have indicated that isotope signatures in partially mycoheterotrophic plants vary widely among species, but the relative contributions of family- or species-specific characteristics and the identity of the fungal symbionts to the observed differences remain unclear. Here, we investigated in detail mycorrhizal communities and isotopic signatures in four co-occurring terrestrial orchids (Platanthera chlorantha, Epipactis helleborine, E. neglecta and the mycoheterotrophic Neottia nidus-avis). All investigated species were mycorrhizal generalists (i.e., associated with a large number of fungi simultaneously), but mycorrhizal communities differed significantly between species. Mycorrhizal communities associating with the two Epipactis species consisted of a wide range of fungi belonging to different families, whereas P. chlorantha and N. nidus-avis associated mainly with Ceratobasidiaceae and Sebacinaceae species, respectively. Isotopic signatures differed significantly between both Epipactis species, with E. helleborine showing near autotrophic behavior and E. neglecta showing significant enrichment in both carbon and nitrogen. No significant differences in photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were observed between the two partially mycoheterotrophic orchids, despite significant differences in isotopic signatures. Our results demonstrate that partially mycoheterotrophic orchids of the genus Epipactis formed mycorrhizas with a wide diversity of fungi from different fungal families, but variation in mycorrhizal community composition was not related to isotope signatures and thus transfer of C and N to the plant. We conclude that the observed differences in isotope signatures between E. helleborine and E. neglecta cannot solely be explained by differences in mycorrhizal communities, but most likely reflect a combination of inherent physiological differences and differences in mycorrhizal communities. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7901878/ /pubmed/33633765 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.618140 Text en Copyright © 2021 Jacquemyn, Brys, Waud, Evans, Figura and Selosse. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Jacquemyn, Hans
Brys, Rein
Waud, Michael
Evans, Alexandra
Figura, Tomáš
Selosse, Marc-André
Mycorrhizal Communities and Isotope Signatures in Two Partially Mycoheterotrophic Orchids
title Mycorrhizal Communities and Isotope Signatures in Two Partially Mycoheterotrophic Orchids
title_full Mycorrhizal Communities and Isotope Signatures in Two Partially Mycoheterotrophic Orchids
title_fullStr Mycorrhizal Communities and Isotope Signatures in Two Partially Mycoheterotrophic Orchids
title_full_unstemmed Mycorrhizal Communities and Isotope Signatures in Two Partially Mycoheterotrophic Orchids
title_short Mycorrhizal Communities and Isotope Signatures in Two Partially Mycoheterotrophic Orchids
title_sort mycorrhizal communities and isotope signatures in two partially mycoheterotrophic orchids
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7901878/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33633765
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.618140
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