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Predominance of Non-carbapenemase Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in South Texas
BACKGROUND: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) pose a significant global public health threat. Resistance among CRE is particularly complex, owing to numerous possible resistance mechanisms and broad definitions. We aimed to characterize the clinical and molecular profiles of CRE in the Sou...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7902696/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33643226 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.623574 |
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author | Black, Cody A. So, Wonhee Dallas, Steven S. Gawrys, Gerard Benavides, Raymond Aguilar, Samantha Chen, Chang-Jui Shurko, James F. Lee, Grace C. |
author_facet | Black, Cody A. So, Wonhee Dallas, Steven S. Gawrys, Gerard Benavides, Raymond Aguilar, Samantha Chen, Chang-Jui Shurko, James F. Lee, Grace C. |
author_sort | Black, Cody A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) pose a significant global public health threat. Resistance among CRE is particularly complex, owing to numerous possible resistance mechanisms and broad definitions. We aimed to characterize the clinical and molecular profiles of CRE in the South Texas region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared the clinical, genotypic, and phenotypic profiles of carbapenemase producing Enterobacterales (CPE) with those of non-carbapenemase producers (NCPE) isolated from South Texas, United States between 2011 and 2019. Molecular characteristics and resistance mechanisms were analyzed using whole-genome sequences. RESULTS: The majority (59%) of the CRE isolates were NCPE while 41% of isolates harbored carbapenemases, predmonantly bla(KPC)-type. The most common CPE was Klebsiella pneumoniae while majority of Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli were NCPE Among K. pneumoniae, the clonal group 307 has emerged as a predmoninant group and was associated with as many CRE infections as the previous common clonal group 258. Patients with NCPE compared to CPE infections were associated with higher antimicrobial exposure prior to culture collection (days of therapy, 795 vs. 242; p < 0.001) and emergency department visits within past 90 days (22% vs. 4%; p = 0.011). The all cause 30-day mortality was 21%. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the diversity of resistance mechanisms underlying CRE in South Texas, with 59% not harboring a carbapenemase. Individuals with NCPE infections were more likely to have had prior antimicrobial therapy and emergency department visits compared to those with CPE. Identification and distinction of these mechanisms by rapid identification of species and carbapenemase would allow for optimal treatment and infection control efforts. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7902696 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79026962021-02-25 Predominance of Non-carbapenemase Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in South Texas Black, Cody A. So, Wonhee Dallas, Steven S. Gawrys, Gerard Benavides, Raymond Aguilar, Samantha Chen, Chang-Jui Shurko, James F. Lee, Grace C. Front Microbiol Microbiology BACKGROUND: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) pose a significant global public health threat. Resistance among CRE is particularly complex, owing to numerous possible resistance mechanisms and broad definitions. We aimed to characterize the clinical and molecular profiles of CRE in the South Texas region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared the clinical, genotypic, and phenotypic profiles of carbapenemase producing Enterobacterales (CPE) with those of non-carbapenemase producers (NCPE) isolated from South Texas, United States between 2011 and 2019. Molecular characteristics and resistance mechanisms were analyzed using whole-genome sequences. RESULTS: The majority (59%) of the CRE isolates were NCPE while 41% of isolates harbored carbapenemases, predmonantly bla(KPC)-type. The most common CPE was Klebsiella pneumoniae while majority of Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli were NCPE Among K. pneumoniae, the clonal group 307 has emerged as a predmoninant group and was associated with as many CRE infections as the previous common clonal group 258. Patients with NCPE compared to CPE infections were associated with higher antimicrobial exposure prior to culture collection (days of therapy, 795 vs. 242; p < 0.001) and emergency department visits within past 90 days (22% vs. 4%; p = 0.011). The all cause 30-day mortality was 21%. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the diversity of resistance mechanisms underlying CRE in South Texas, with 59% not harboring a carbapenemase. Individuals with NCPE infections were more likely to have had prior antimicrobial therapy and emergency department visits compared to those with CPE. Identification and distinction of these mechanisms by rapid identification of species and carbapenemase would allow for optimal treatment and infection control efforts. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7902696/ /pubmed/33643226 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.623574 Text en Copyright © 2021 Black, So, Dallas, Gawrys, Benavides, Aguilar, Chen, Shurko and Lee. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Black, Cody A. So, Wonhee Dallas, Steven S. Gawrys, Gerard Benavides, Raymond Aguilar, Samantha Chen, Chang-Jui Shurko, James F. Lee, Grace C. Predominance of Non-carbapenemase Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in South Texas |
title | Predominance of Non-carbapenemase Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in South Texas |
title_full | Predominance of Non-carbapenemase Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in South Texas |
title_fullStr | Predominance of Non-carbapenemase Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in South Texas |
title_full_unstemmed | Predominance of Non-carbapenemase Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in South Texas |
title_short | Predominance of Non-carbapenemase Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in South Texas |
title_sort | predominance of non-carbapenemase producing carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales in south texas |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7902696/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33643226 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.623574 |
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