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A-to-I RNA Editing in Cancer: From Evaluating the Editing Level to Exploring the Editing Effects

As an important regulatory mechanism at the posttranscriptional level in metazoans, adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR)-induced A-to-I RNA editing modification of double-stranded RNA has been widely detected and reported. Editing may lead to non-synonymous amino acid mutations, RNA secondary st...

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Autores principales: Wang, Heming, Chen, Sinuo, Wei, Jiayi, Song, Guangqi, Zhao, Yicheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7905090/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33643923
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.632187
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author Wang, Heming
Chen, Sinuo
Wei, Jiayi
Song, Guangqi
Zhao, Yicheng
author_facet Wang, Heming
Chen, Sinuo
Wei, Jiayi
Song, Guangqi
Zhao, Yicheng
author_sort Wang, Heming
collection PubMed
description As an important regulatory mechanism at the posttranscriptional level in metazoans, adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR)-induced A-to-I RNA editing modification of double-stranded RNA has been widely detected and reported. Editing may lead to non-synonymous amino acid mutations, RNA secondary structure alterations, pre-mRNA processing changes, and microRNA-mRNA redirection, thereby affecting multiple cellular processes and functions. In recent years, researchers have successfully developed several bioinformatics software tools and pipelines to identify RNA editing sites. However, there are still no widely accepted editing site standards due to the variety of parallel optimization and RNA high-seq protocols and programs. It is also challenging to identify RNA editing by normal protocols in tumor samples due to the high DNA mutation rate. Numerous RNA editing sites have been reported to be located in non-coding regions and can affect the biosynthesis of ncRNAs, including miRNAs and circular RNAs. Predicting the function of RNA editing sites located in non-coding regions and ncRNAs is significantly difficult. In this review, we aim to provide a better understanding of bioinformatics strategies for human cancer A-to-I RNA editing identification and briefly discuss recent advances in related areas, such as the oncogenic and tumor suppressive effects of RNA editing.
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spelling pubmed-79050902021-02-26 A-to-I RNA Editing in Cancer: From Evaluating the Editing Level to Exploring the Editing Effects Wang, Heming Chen, Sinuo Wei, Jiayi Song, Guangqi Zhao, Yicheng Front Oncol Oncology As an important regulatory mechanism at the posttranscriptional level in metazoans, adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR)-induced A-to-I RNA editing modification of double-stranded RNA has been widely detected and reported. Editing may lead to non-synonymous amino acid mutations, RNA secondary structure alterations, pre-mRNA processing changes, and microRNA-mRNA redirection, thereby affecting multiple cellular processes and functions. In recent years, researchers have successfully developed several bioinformatics software tools and pipelines to identify RNA editing sites. However, there are still no widely accepted editing site standards due to the variety of parallel optimization and RNA high-seq protocols and programs. It is also challenging to identify RNA editing by normal protocols in tumor samples due to the high DNA mutation rate. Numerous RNA editing sites have been reported to be located in non-coding regions and can affect the biosynthesis of ncRNAs, including miRNAs and circular RNAs. Predicting the function of RNA editing sites located in non-coding regions and ncRNAs is significantly difficult. In this review, we aim to provide a better understanding of bioinformatics strategies for human cancer A-to-I RNA editing identification and briefly discuss recent advances in related areas, such as the oncogenic and tumor suppressive effects of RNA editing. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7905090/ /pubmed/33643923 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.632187 Text en Copyright © 2021 Wang, Chen, Wei, Song and Zhao http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Wang, Heming
Chen, Sinuo
Wei, Jiayi
Song, Guangqi
Zhao, Yicheng
A-to-I RNA Editing in Cancer: From Evaluating the Editing Level to Exploring the Editing Effects
title A-to-I RNA Editing in Cancer: From Evaluating the Editing Level to Exploring the Editing Effects
title_full A-to-I RNA Editing in Cancer: From Evaluating the Editing Level to Exploring the Editing Effects
title_fullStr A-to-I RNA Editing in Cancer: From Evaluating the Editing Level to Exploring the Editing Effects
title_full_unstemmed A-to-I RNA Editing in Cancer: From Evaluating the Editing Level to Exploring the Editing Effects
title_short A-to-I RNA Editing in Cancer: From Evaluating the Editing Level to Exploring the Editing Effects
title_sort a-to-i rna editing in cancer: from evaluating the editing level to exploring the editing effects
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7905090/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33643923
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.632187
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