Inverted mucosa and avulsion ureteral injury in ureteroscopic procedure: A very rare complication of a common procedure in urology

An avulsion is very rare and the most serious complication that may occur during ureteroscopy in 0.06–0.45% of patients during the ureteral stone procedure. A sixty years-old female with a small stone in the upper third of the right ureter with high-grade hydronephrosis and underwent a ureteroscopy procedure. During withdrawal of the scope, the ureter was brought out in urethral meatus, with inverted fashion, nearly the whole length of the ureter was avulsed out. A nephrectomy of the right kidney was then performed. Knowledge about signs of the ureteral avulsion, pitfalls when to stop, and treatments is really important.