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Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, March–November 2020: when, where, and for whom?
BACKGROUND: Excess all-cause mortality has been used in many countries as an estimate of mortality effects from COVID-19. What was the excess mortality in Israel in 2020 and when, where and for whom was this excess? METHODS: Mortality rates between March to November 2020 for various demographic grou...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7907788/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33637126 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13584-021-00450-4 |
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author | Haklai, Ziona Aburbeh, Miriam Goldberger, Nehama Gordon, Ethel-Sherry |
author_facet | Haklai, Ziona Aburbeh, Miriam Goldberger, Nehama Gordon, Ethel-Sherry |
author_sort | Haklai, Ziona |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Excess all-cause mortality has been used in many countries as an estimate of mortality effects from COVID-19. What was the excess mortality in Israel in 2020 and when, where and for whom was this excess? METHODS: Mortality rates between March to November 2020 for various demographic groups, cities, month and week were compared with the average rate during 2017–2019 for the same groups or periods. RESULTS: Total mortality rates for March–November were significantly higher by 6% in 2020, than the average of 2017–2019, 14% higher among the Arab population and 5% among Jews and Others. Significantly higher monthly mortality rates were found in August, September and October by 11%, 13% and 19%, respectively, among Jews and Others, and by 19%, 64% and 40% in the Arab population. Excess mortality was significant only at older ages, 7% higher rates at ages 65–74 and 75–84 and 8% at ages 85 and above, and greater for males than females in all ages and population groups. Interestingly, mortality rates decreased significantly among the younger population aged under 25. The cities with most significant excess mortality were Ramla (25% higher), Bene Beraq (24%), Bat Yam (15%) and Jerusalem (8%). CONCLUSION: Israel has seen significant excess mortality in August–October 2020, particularly in the Arab sector. The excess mortality in March–November was statistically significant only at older ages, over 65. It is very important to protect this susceptible population from exposure and prioritize them for inoculations. Lockdowns were successful in lowering the excess mortality. The excess mortality is similar to official data on COVID-19 deaths. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13584-021-00450-4. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7907788 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79077882021-02-26 Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, March–November 2020: when, where, and for whom? Haklai, Ziona Aburbeh, Miriam Goldberger, Nehama Gordon, Ethel-Sherry Isr J Health Policy Res Short Communication BACKGROUND: Excess all-cause mortality has been used in many countries as an estimate of mortality effects from COVID-19. What was the excess mortality in Israel in 2020 and when, where and for whom was this excess? METHODS: Mortality rates between March to November 2020 for various demographic groups, cities, month and week were compared with the average rate during 2017–2019 for the same groups or periods. RESULTS: Total mortality rates for March–November were significantly higher by 6% in 2020, than the average of 2017–2019, 14% higher among the Arab population and 5% among Jews and Others. Significantly higher monthly mortality rates were found in August, September and October by 11%, 13% and 19%, respectively, among Jews and Others, and by 19%, 64% and 40% in the Arab population. Excess mortality was significant only at older ages, 7% higher rates at ages 65–74 and 75–84 and 8% at ages 85 and above, and greater for males than females in all ages and population groups. Interestingly, mortality rates decreased significantly among the younger population aged under 25. The cities with most significant excess mortality were Ramla (25% higher), Bene Beraq (24%), Bat Yam (15%) and Jerusalem (8%). CONCLUSION: Israel has seen significant excess mortality in August–October 2020, particularly in the Arab sector. The excess mortality in March–November was statistically significant only at older ages, over 65. It is very important to protect this susceptible population from exposure and prioritize them for inoculations. Lockdowns were successful in lowering the excess mortality. The excess mortality is similar to official data on COVID-19 deaths. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13584-021-00450-4. BioMed Central 2021-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7907788/ /pubmed/33637126 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13584-021-00450-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Short Communication Haklai, Ziona Aburbeh, Miriam Goldberger, Nehama Gordon, Ethel-Sherry Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, March–November 2020: when, where, and for whom? |
title | Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, March–November 2020: when, where, and for whom? |
title_full | Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, March–November 2020: when, where, and for whom? |
title_fullStr | Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, March–November 2020: when, where, and for whom? |
title_full_unstemmed | Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, March–November 2020: when, where, and for whom? |
title_short | Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, March–November 2020: when, where, and for whom? |
title_sort | excess mortality during the covid-19 pandemic in israel, march–november 2020: when, where, and for whom? |
topic | Short Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7907788/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33637126 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13584-021-00450-4 |
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