IL-17F Gene rs763780 and IL-17A rs2275913 Polymorphisms in Patients with Periodontitis

Background: Periodontitis (PD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that can eventually lead to tooth loss. Genetic and environmental factors such as smoking are involved in the pathogenesis of PD. The development of PD is potentiated by various pathogens that induce an immune response leading to the production of cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-17. The synthesis of IL-17 is influenced genetically. The polymorphisms in IL-17 gene may affect the synthesis of IL-17. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the IL-17F rs763780 and IL-17A rs2275913 polymorphisms and PD in non-smoking and smoking patients to check if these polymorphisms could be a risk factor for PD. Methods: The study enrolled 200 patients with PD (130 non-smokers and 70 smokers) and 160 control subjects (126 non-smokers and 34 smokers). Periodontitis was diagnosed on the basis of 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. All samples were genotyped using allelic discrimination assays with TaqMan(®) probes on a Real-Time PCR Detection System. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of the IL-17F rs763780 and IL-17A rs2275913 genotypes and alleles between patients with PD and control subjects, between smoking patients with PD and smoking control subjects, and between non-smoking patients with PD and non-smoking control subjects. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest a lack of statistically significant associations between IL-17F rs763780 and IL-17A rs2275913 polymorphisms and PD in Polish population.