Cargando…

Young Swimmers’ Middle-Distance Performance Variation within a Training Season

The current study aimed to longitudinally evaluate anthropometric, physiological, and biomechanical variables related to middle-distance performance during a 45-week swimming training season. Thirty-four swimmers (age: 12.07 ± 1.14 years) performed a maximum of 400 m front crawl at the beginning (T1...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ferreira, Sara, Carvalho, Diogo Duarte, Cardoso, Ricardo, Rios, Manoel, Soares, Susana, Toubekis, Argyris, Fernandes, Ricardo J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7908489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33498817
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031010
_version_ 1783655725924352000
author Ferreira, Sara
Carvalho, Diogo Duarte
Cardoso, Ricardo
Rios, Manoel
Soares, Susana
Toubekis, Argyris
Fernandes, Ricardo J.
author_facet Ferreira, Sara
Carvalho, Diogo Duarte
Cardoso, Ricardo
Rios, Manoel
Soares, Susana
Toubekis, Argyris
Fernandes, Ricardo J.
author_sort Ferreira, Sara
collection PubMed
description The current study aimed to longitudinally evaluate anthropometric, physiological, and biomechanical variables related to middle-distance performance during a 45-week swimming training season. Thirty-four swimmers (age: 12.07 ± 1.14 years) performed a maximum of 400 m front crawl at the beginning (T1) and finish of the first macrocycle (T2, 15 weeks) and the finish of the second (T3, 18 weeks) and third macrocycles (T4, 12 weeks). Time-related variables, stroke rate (SR), stroke length (SL), and stroke index (SI) were recorded during the test, and blood lactate ([La]) and glucose ([Glu]) concentrations were measured post-exercise. The time of the 400 m effort decreased after each macrocycle (T2 vs. T1, 7.8 ± 5.6%; T3 vs. T2, 3.7 ± 3.1%; T4 vs. T3, 3.8 ± 3.4%; p < 0.01). Four hundred meter speed changes between T1 and T2 were positively related to variations in [La], [Glu], SL, and SI (r = 0.36–0.60, p < 0.05). Changes between T2 and T3 were related to SI only (r = 0.5, p < 0.05), and modifications between T3 and T4 were associated with SL and SI variations (r = 0.34 and 0.65, p < 0.05). These results indicate that a well-structured year plan including three macrocycles leads to a significant age-group swimming performance improvement, mostly connected with an increase in technical proficiency.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7908489
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-79084892021-02-27 Young Swimmers’ Middle-Distance Performance Variation within a Training Season Ferreira, Sara Carvalho, Diogo Duarte Cardoso, Ricardo Rios, Manoel Soares, Susana Toubekis, Argyris Fernandes, Ricardo J. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article The current study aimed to longitudinally evaluate anthropometric, physiological, and biomechanical variables related to middle-distance performance during a 45-week swimming training season. Thirty-four swimmers (age: 12.07 ± 1.14 years) performed a maximum of 400 m front crawl at the beginning (T1) and finish of the first macrocycle (T2, 15 weeks) and the finish of the second (T3, 18 weeks) and third macrocycles (T4, 12 weeks). Time-related variables, stroke rate (SR), stroke length (SL), and stroke index (SI) were recorded during the test, and blood lactate ([La]) and glucose ([Glu]) concentrations were measured post-exercise. The time of the 400 m effort decreased after each macrocycle (T2 vs. T1, 7.8 ± 5.6%; T3 vs. T2, 3.7 ± 3.1%; T4 vs. T3, 3.8 ± 3.4%; p < 0.01). Four hundred meter speed changes between T1 and T2 were positively related to variations in [La], [Glu], SL, and SI (r = 0.36–0.60, p < 0.05). Changes between T2 and T3 were related to SI only (r = 0.5, p < 0.05), and modifications between T3 and T4 were associated with SL and SI variations (r = 0.34 and 0.65, p < 0.05). These results indicate that a well-structured year plan including three macrocycles leads to a significant age-group swimming performance improvement, mostly connected with an increase in technical proficiency. MDPI 2021-01-24 2021-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7908489/ /pubmed/33498817 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031010 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ferreira, Sara
Carvalho, Diogo Duarte
Cardoso, Ricardo
Rios, Manoel
Soares, Susana
Toubekis, Argyris
Fernandes, Ricardo J.
Young Swimmers’ Middle-Distance Performance Variation within a Training Season
title Young Swimmers’ Middle-Distance Performance Variation within a Training Season
title_full Young Swimmers’ Middle-Distance Performance Variation within a Training Season
title_fullStr Young Swimmers’ Middle-Distance Performance Variation within a Training Season
title_full_unstemmed Young Swimmers’ Middle-Distance Performance Variation within a Training Season
title_short Young Swimmers’ Middle-Distance Performance Variation within a Training Season
title_sort young swimmers’ middle-distance performance variation within a training season
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7908489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33498817
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031010
work_keys_str_mv AT ferreirasara youngswimmersmiddledistanceperformancevariationwithinatrainingseason
AT carvalhodiogoduarte youngswimmersmiddledistanceperformancevariationwithinatrainingseason
AT cardosoricardo youngswimmersmiddledistanceperformancevariationwithinatrainingseason
AT riosmanoel youngswimmersmiddledistanceperformancevariationwithinatrainingseason
AT soaressusana youngswimmersmiddledistanceperformancevariationwithinatrainingseason
AT toubekisargyris youngswimmersmiddledistanceperformancevariationwithinatrainingseason
AT fernandesricardoj youngswimmersmiddledistanceperformancevariationwithinatrainingseason