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Mycotoxins, Pesticide Residues, and Heavy Metals Analysis of Croatian Cereals
Cereals are still one of the most important food and feed sources, thus determining cereal’s safety, i.e., compliance with legislation, is extremely important. As systematic investigations of nowadays unavoidable secondary fungal metabolites and other common legally regulated contaminants occurrence...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7909767/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33494292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020216 |
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author | Kovač, Marija Bulaić, Mateja Jakovljević, Jasna Nevistić, Ante Rot, Tomislav Kovač, Tihomir Dodlek Šarkanj, Ivana Šarkanj, Bojan |
author_facet | Kovač, Marija Bulaić, Mateja Jakovljević, Jasna Nevistić, Ante Rot, Tomislav Kovač, Tihomir Dodlek Šarkanj, Ivana Šarkanj, Bojan |
author_sort | Kovač, Marija |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cereals are still one of the most important food and feed sources, thus determining cereal’s safety, i.e., compliance with legislation, is extremely important. As systematic investigations of nowadays unavoidable secondary fungal metabolites and other common legally regulated contaminants occurrence in Croatian cereals are still lacking, this research aims to monitor the contamination levels of nation-wide crops by mycotoxins, pesticide residues, and heavy metals by employing UHPLC-MS/MS, GC-MS/MS, and atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) validated analytical methods. The most common secondary fungal metabolites were found to be Fusarium mycotoxins, with DON being the most occurring present in 73.7% of the samples. At least one pesticide residue was found in 331.8% of the samples, and Hg and Cd were the most occurring heavy metals. A total of 8.5% of the samples was non-compliant to the European Union (EU) legislation for food regarding the found mycotoxins concentrations, 4.5% regarding pesticide residues and none regarding heavy metals. The unusual presence of certain pesticide residue and heavy metal indicates the importance of systematic control of the contaminant presence, in order to gather enough occurrence data for proper risk assessment that these contaminants represent for the consumer’s health. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7909767 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79097672021-02-27 Mycotoxins, Pesticide Residues, and Heavy Metals Analysis of Croatian Cereals Kovač, Marija Bulaić, Mateja Jakovljević, Jasna Nevistić, Ante Rot, Tomislav Kovač, Tihomir Dodlek Šarkanj, Ivana Šarkanj, Bojan Microorganisms Article Cereals are still one of the most important food and feed sources, thus determining cereal’s safety, i.e., compliance with legislation, is extremely important. As systematic investigations of nowadays unavoidable secondary fungal metabolites and other common legally regulated contaminants occurrence in Croatian cereals are still lacking, this research aims to monitor the contamination levels of nation-wide crops by mycotoxins, pesticide residues, and heavy metals by employing UHPLC-MS/MS, GC-MS/MS, and atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) validated analytical methods. The most common secondary fungal metabolites were found to be Fusarium mycotoxins, with DON being the most occurring present in 73.7% of the samples. At least one pesticide residue was found in 331.8% of the samples, and Hg and Cd were the most occurring heavy metals. A total of 8.5% of the samples was non-compliant to the European Union (EU) legislation for food regarding the found mycotoxins concentrations, 4.5% regarding pesticide residues and none regarding heavy metals. The unusual presence of certain pesticide residue and heavy metal indicates the importance of systematic control of the contaminant presence, in order to gather enough occurrence data for proper risk assessment that these contaminants represent for the consumer’s health. MDPI 2021-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7909767/ /pubmed/33494292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020216 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kovač, Marija Bulaić, Mateja Jakovljević, Jasna Nevistić, Ante Rot, Tomislav Kovač, Tihomir Dodlek Šarkanj, Ivana Šarkanj, Bojan Mycotoxins, Pesticide Residues, and Heavy Metals Analysis of Croatian Cereals |
title | Mycotoxins, Pesticide Residues, and Heavy Metals Analysis of Croatian Cereals |
title_full | Mycotoxins, Pesticide Residues, and Heavy Metals Analysis of Croatian Cereals |
title_fullStr | Mycotoxins, Pesticide Residues, and Heavy Metals Analysis of Croatian Cereals |
title_full_unstemmed | Mycotoxins, Pesticide Residues, and Heavy Metals Analysis of Croatian Cereals |
title_short | Mycotoxins, Pesticide Residues, and Heavy Metals Analysis of Croatian Cereals |
title_sort | mycotoxins, pesticide residues, and heavy metals analysis of croatian cereals |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7909767/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33494292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020216 |
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