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The Capsid Protein of Rubella Virus Antagonizes RNA Interference in Mammalian Cells

Rubella virus (RuV) is the infectious agent of a series of birth defect diseases termed congenital rubella syndrome, which is a major public health concern all around the world. RNA interference (RNAi) is a crucial antiviral defense mechanism in eukaryotes, and numerous viruses have been found to en...

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Autores principales: Xu, Jiuyue, Kong, Jing, Lyu, Bao, Wang, Xiaotong, Qian, Qi, Zhou, Xi, Qiu, Yang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7910915/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33494454
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13020154
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author Xu, Jiuyue
Kong, Jing
Lyu, Bao
Wang, Xiaotong
Qian, Qi
Zhou, Xi
Qiu, Yang
author_facet Xu, Jiuyue
Kong, Jing
Lyu, Bao
Wang, Xiaotong
Qian, Qi
Zhou, Xi
Qiu, Yang
author_sort Xu, Jiuyue
collection PubMed
description Rubella virus (RuV) is the infectious agent of a series of birth defect diseases termed congenital rubella syndrome, which is a major public health concern all around the world. RNA interference (RNAi) is a crucial antiviral defense mechanism in eukaryotes, and numerous viruses have been found to encode viral suppressors of RNAi (VSRs) to evade antiviral RNAi response. However, there is little knowledge about whether and how RuV antagonizes RNAi. In this study, we identified that the RuV capsid protein is a potent VSR that can efficiently suppress shRNA- and siRNA-induced RNAi in mammalian cells. Moreover, the VSR activity of the RuV capsid is dependent on its dimerization and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding activity. In addition, ectopic expression of the RuV capsid can effectively rescue the replication defect of a VSR-deficient virus or replicon, implying that the RuV capsid can act as a VSR in the context of viral infection. Together, our findings uncover that RuV encodes a VSR to evade antiviral RNAi response, which expands our understanding of RuV–host interaction and sheds light on the potential therapeutic target against RuV.
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spelling pubmed-79109152021-02-28 The Capsid Protein of Rubella Virus Antagonizes RNA Interference in Mammalian Cells Xu, Jiuyue Kong, Jing Lyu, Bao Wang, Xiaotong Qian, Qi Zhou, Xi Qiu, Yang Viruses Article Rubella virus (RuV) is the infectious agent of a series of birth defect diseases termed congenital rubella syndrome, which is a major public health concern all around the world. RNA interference (RNAi) is a crucial antiviral defense mechanism in eukaryotes, and numerous viruses have been found to encode viral suppressors of RNAi (VSRs) to evade antiviral RNAi response. However, there is little knowledge about whether and how RuV antagonizes RNAi. In this study, we identified that the RuV capsid protein is a potent VSR that can efficiently suppress shRNA- and siRNA-induced RNAi in mammalian cells. Moreover, the VSR activity of the RuV capsid is dependent on its dimerization and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding activity. In addition, ectopic expression of the RuV capsid can effectively rescue the replication defect of a VSR-deficient virus or replicon, implying that the RuV capsid can act as a VSR in the context of viral infection. Together, our findings uncover that RuV encodes a VSR to evade antiviral RNAi response, which expands our understanding of RuV–host interaction and sheds light on the potential therapeutic target against RuV. MDPI 2021-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7910915/ /pubmed/33494454 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13020154 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Xu, Jiuyue
Kong, Jing
Lyu, Bao
Wang, Xiaotong
Qian, Qi
Zhou, Xi
Qiu, Yang
The Capsid Protein of Rubella Virus Antagonizes RNA Interference in Mammalian Cells
title The Capsid Protein of Rubella Virus Antagonizes RNA Interference in Mammalian Cells
title_full The Capsid Protein of Rubella Virus Antagonizes RNA Interference in Mammalian Cells
title_fullStr The Capsid Protein of Rubella Virus Antagonizes RNA Interference in Mammalian Cells
title_full_unstemmed The Capsid Protein of Rubella Virus Antagonizes RNA Interference in Mammalian Cells
title_short The Capsid Protein of Rubella Virus Antagonizes RNA Interference in Mammalian Cells
title_sort capsid protein of rubella virus antagonizes rna interference in mammalian cells
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7910915/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33494454
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13020154
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