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Prevalence of Wheat/Gluten-Related Disorders and Gluten-Free Diet in Paraguay: An Online Survey-Based Study
Gluten-related disorders (GRDs) are increasing around the world, but their magnitude and relevance remain unknown in most Latin American countries. Thus, an online survey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of GRDs as well as adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) in Paraguayan adult population....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7911221/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33513886 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020396 |
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author | Ontiveros, Noé Real-Delor, Raúl Emilio Mora-Melgem, José Antonio Beltrán-Cárdenas, Carlos Eduardo Figueroa-Salcido, Oscar Gerardo Vergara-Jiménez, Marcela de Jesús Cárdenas-Torres, Feliznando Isidro Flores-Mendoza, Lilian Karem Arámburo-Gálvez, Jesús Gilberto Cabrera-Chávez, Francisco |
author_facet | Ontiveros, Noé Real-Delor, Raúl Emilio Mora-Melgem, José Antonio Beltrán-Cárdenas, Carlos Eduardo Figueroa-Salcido, Oscar Gerardo Vergara-Jiménez, Marcela de Jesús Cárdenas-Torres, Feliznando Isidro Flores-Mendoza, Lilian Karem Arámburo-Gálvez, Jesús Gilberto Cabrera-Chávez, Francisco |
author_sort | Ontiveros, Noé |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gluten-related disorders (GRDs) are increasing around the world, but their magnitude and relevance remain unknown in most Latin American countries. Thus, an online survey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of GRDs as well as adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) in Paraguayan adult population. There were 1058 individuals surveyed using a validated questionnaire (response rate of 93.9%). The self-reported prevalence rates were as follows (95% CI): gluten sensitivity (GS), 10.30% (8.53–12.29); non-celiac GS (NCGS), 5.19% (3.94–6.71); physician-diagnosed celiac disease (PD-CD), 3.11% (2.15–4.35); wheat allergy (WA), 2.07% (1.30–3.13); and adherence to GFD, 15.69% (13.55–18.02). Excluding CD, more women than men met the criteria for GRDs, adverse food reactions, and GFD (p < 0.05). Eight respondents reported the coexistence of NCGS with PD-CD and/or WA. Most cases on a GFD indicated medical/dietitian advice for following the diet (68.07%). Non-self-reported GS individuals indicated weight control (46.4%) and the notion that the GFD is healthier (20.2%) as the main motivations for following the diet. GRDs are not uncommon in Paraguayan adult population. It seems that there is awareness about GRDs and the GFD, but training about the diagnosis of GRDs is desirable because of the informed overlapping diagnoses of CD or WA with NCGS. Future studies involving face-to-face interviews are necessary. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7911221 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79112212021-02-28 Prevalence of Wheat/Gluten-Related Disorders and Gluten-Free Diet in Paraguay: An Online Survey-Based Study Ontiveros, Noé Real-Delor, Raúl Emilio Mora-Melgem, José Antonio Beltrán-Cárdenas, Carlos Eduardo Figueroa-Salcido, Oscar Gerardo Vergara-Jiménez, Marcela de Jesús Cárdenas-Torres, Feliznando Isidro Flores-Mendoza, Lilian Karem Arámburo-Gálvez, Jesús Gilberto Cabrera-Chávez, Francisco Nutrients Article Gluten-related disorders (GRDs) are increasing around the world, but their magnitude and relevance remain unknown in most Latin American countries. Thus, an online survey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of GRDs as well as adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) in Paraguayan adult population. There were 1058 individuals surveyed using a validated questionnaire (response rate of 93.9%). The self-reported prevalence rates were as follows (95% CI): gluten sensitivity (GS), 10.30% (8.53–12.29); non-celiac GS (NCGS), 5.19% (3.94–6.71); physician-diagnosed celiac disease (PD-CD), 3.11% (2.15–4.35); wheat allergy (WA), 2.07% (1.30–3.13); and adherence to GFD, 15.69% (13.55–18.02). Excluding CD, more women than men met the criteria for GRDs, adverse food reactions, and GFD (p < 0.05). Eight respondents reported the coexistence of NCGS with PD-CD and/or WA. Most cases on a GFD indicated medical/dietitian advice for following the diet (68.07%). Non-self-reported GS individuals indicated weight control (46.4%) and the notion that the GFD is healthier (20.2%) as the main motivations for following the diet. GRDs are not uncommon in Paraguayan adult population. It seems that there is awareness about GRDs and the GFD, but training about the diagnosis of GRDs is desirable because of the informed overlapping diagnoses of CD or WA with NCGS. Future studies involving face-to-face interviews are necessary. MDPI 2021-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7911221/ /pubmed/33513886 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020396 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Ontiveros, Noé Real-Delor, Raúl Emilio Mora-Melgem, José Antonio Beltrán-Cárdenas, Carlos Eduardo Figueroa-Salcido, Oscar Gerardo Vergara-Jiménez, Marcela de Jesús Cárdenas-Torres, Feliznando Isidro Flores-Mendoza, Lilian Karem Arámburo-Gálvez, Jesús Gilberto Cabrera-Chávez, Francisco Prevalence of Wheat/Gluten-Related Disorders and Gluten-Free Diet in Paraguay: An Online Survey-Based Study |
title | Prevalence of Wheat/Gluten-Related Disorders and Gluten-Free Diet in Paraguay: An Online Survey-Based Study |
title_full | Prevalence of Wheat/Gluten-Related Disorders and Gluten-Free Diet in Paraguay: An Online Survey-Based Study |
title_fullStr | Prevalence of Wheat/Gluten-Related Disorders and Gluten-Free Diet in Paraguay: An Online Survey-Based Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Wheat/Gluten-Related Disorders and Gluten-Free Diet in Paraguay: An Online Survey-Based Study |
title_short | Prevalence of Wheat/Gluten-Related Disorders and Gluten-Free Diet in Paraguay: An Online Survey-Based Study |
title_sort | prevalence of wheat/gluten-related disorders and gluten-free diet in paraguay: an online survey-based study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7911221/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33513886 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020396 |
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