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Systematic Analysis of Functionally Related Gene Clusters in the Opportunistic Pathogen, Candida albicans

The proper balance of gene expression is essential for cellular health, organismal development, and maintaining homeostasis. In response to complex internal and external signals, the cell needs to modulate gene expression to maintain proteostasis and establish cellular identity within its niche. On...

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Autores principales: Asfare, Sarah, Eldabagh, Reem, Siddiqui, Khizar, Patel, Bharvi, Kaba, Diellza, Mullane, Julie, Siddiqui, Umar, Arnone, James T.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7911571/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33525750
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020276
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author Asfare, Sarah
Eldabagh, Reem
Siddiqui, Khizar
Patel, Bharvi
Kaba, Diellza
Mullane, Julie
Siddiqui, Umar
Arnone, James T.
author_facet Asfare, Sarah
Eldabagh, Reem
Siddiqui, Khizar
Patel, Bharvi
Kaba, Diellza
Mullane, Julie
Siddiqui, Umar
Arnone, James T.
author_sort Asfare, Sarah
collection PubMed
description The proper balance of gene expression is essential for cellular health, organismal development, and maintaining homeostasis. In response to complex internal and external signals, the cell needs to modulate gene expression to maintain proteostasis and establish cellular identity within its niche. On a genome level, single-celled prokaryotic microbes display clustering of co-expressed genes that are regulated as a polycistronic RNA. This phenomenon is largely absent from eukaryotic microbes, although there is extensive clustering of co-expressed genes as functional pairs spread throughout the genome in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. While initial analysis demonstrated conservation of clustering in divergent fungal lineages, a comprehensive analysis has yet to be performed. Here we report on the prevalence, conservation, and significance of the functional clustering of co-regulated genes within the opportunistic human pathogen, Candida albicans. Our analysis reveals that there is extensive clustering within this organism—although the identity of the gene pairs is unique compared with those found in S. cerevisiae—indicating that this genomic arrangement evolved after these microbes diverged evolutionarily, rather than being the result of an ancestral arrangement. We report a clustered arrangement in gene families that participate in diverse molecular functions and are not the result of a divergent orientation with a shared promoter. This arrangement coordinates the transcription of the clustered genes to their neighboring genes, with the clusters congregating to genomic loci that are conducive to transcriptional regulation at a distance.
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spelling pubmed-79115712021-02-28 Systematic Analysis of Functionally Related Gene Clusters in the Opportunistic Pathogen, Candida albicans Asfare, Sarah Eldabagh, Reem Siddiqui, Khizar Patel, Bharvi Kaba, Diellza Mullane, Julie Siddiqui, Umar Arnone, James T. Microorganisms Article The proper balance of gene expression is essential for cellular health, organismal development, and maintaining homeostasis. In response to complex internal and external signals, the cell needs to modulate gene expression to maintain proteostasis and establish cellular identity within its niche. On a genome level, single-celled prokaryotic microbes display clustering of co-expressed genes that are regulated as a polycistronic RNA. This phenomenon is largely absent from eukaryotic microbes, although there is extensive clustering of co-expressed genes as functional pairs spread throughout the genome in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. While initial analysis demonstrated conservation of clustering in divergent fungal lineages, a comprehensive analysis has yet to be performed. Here we report on the prevalence, conservation, and significance of the functional clustering of co-regulated genes within the opportunistic human pathogen, Candida albicans. Our analysis reveals that there is extensive clustering within this organism—although the identity of the gene pairs is unique compared with those found in S. cerevisiae—indicating that this genomic arrangement evolved after these microbes diverged evolutionarily, rather than being the result of an ancestral arrangement. We report a clustered arrangement in gene families that participate in diverse molecular functions and are not the result of a divergent orientation with a shared promoter. This arrangement coordinates the transcription of the clustered genes to their neighboring genes, with the clusters congregating to genomic loci that are conducive to transcriptional regulation at a distance. MDPI 2021-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7911571/ /pubmed/33525750 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020276 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Asfare, Sarah
Eldabagh, Reem
Siddiqui, Khizar
Patel, Bharvi
Kaba, Diellza
Mullane, Julie
Siddiqui, Umar
Arnone, James T.
Systematic Analysis of Functionally Related Gene Clusters in the Opportunistic Pathogen, Candida albicans
title Systematic Analysis of Functionally Related Gene Clusters in the Opportunistic Pathogen, Candida albicans
title_full Systematic Analysis of Functionally Related Gene Clusters in the Opportunistic Pathogen, Candida albicans
title_fullStr Systematic Analysis of Functionally Related Gene Clusters in the Opportunistic Pathogen, Candida albicans
title_full_unstemmed Systematic Analysis of Functionally Related Gene Clusters in the Opportunistic Pathogen, Candida albicans
title_short Systematic Analysis of Functionally Related Gene Clusters in the Opportunistic Pathogen, Candida albicans
title_sort systematic analysis of functionally related gene clusters in the opportunistic pathogen, candida albicans
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7911571/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33525750
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020276
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