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Management and Feeding Strategies in Early Life to Increase Piglet Performance and Welfare around Weaning: A Review
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Weaning is an important period for the swine industry and is influenced by the early events that occur during gestation and lactation. Therefore, a range of dietary and management strategies have to be implemented to achieve optimal health status, maturity, and weight at weaning. In...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7911825/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33503942 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020302 |
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author | Blavi, Laia Solà-Oriol, David Llonch, Pol López-Vergé, Sergi Martín-Orúe, Susana María Pérez, José Francisco |
author_facet | Blavi, Laia Solà-Oriol, David Llonch, Pol López-Vergé, Sergi Martín-Orúe, Susana María Pérez, José Francisco |
author_sort | Blavi, Laia |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Weaning is an important period for the swine industry and is influenced by the early events that occur during gestation and lactation. Therefore, a range of dietary and management strategies have to be implemented to achieve optimal health status, maturity, and weight at weaning. In this review, we aimed to identify the major dietary nutrients and management strategies to enhance fetal growth, reducing the oxidative and inflammatory status of sows, modulating the microbiota of sows, enhancing colostrum and milk production, and taking care of neonatal piglets. ABSTRACT: The performance of piglets in nurseries may vary depending on body weight, age at weaning, management, and pathogenic load in the pig facilities. The early events in a pig’s life are very important and may have long lasting consequences, since growth lag involves a significant cost to the system due to reduced market weights and increased barn occupancy. The present review evidences that there are several strategies that can be used to improve the performance and welfare of pigs at weaning. A complex set of early management and dietary strategies have been explored in sows and suckling piglets for achieving optimum and efficient growth of piglets after weaning. The management strategies studied to improve development and animal welfare include: (1) improving sow housing during gestation, (2) reducing pain during farrowing, (3) facilitating an early and sufficient colostrum intake, (4) promoting an early social interaction between litters, and (5) providing complementary feed during lactation. Dietary strategies for sows and suckling piglets aim to: (1) enhance fetal growth (arginine, folate, betaine, vitamin B(12), carnitine, chromium, and zinc), (2) increase colostrum and milk production (DL-methionine, DL-2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid, arginine, L-carnitine, tryptophan, valine, vitamin E, and phytogenic actives), (3) modulate sows’ oxidative and inflammation status (polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E, selenium, phytogenic actives, and spray dried plasma), (4) allow early microbial colonization (probiotics), or (5) supply conditionally essential nutrients (nucleotides, glutamate, glutamine, threonine, and tryptophan). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7911825 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79118252021-02-28 Management and Feeding Strategies in Early Life to Increase Piglet Performance and Welfare around Weaning: A Review Blavi, Laia Solà-Oriol, David Llonch, Pol López-Vergé, Sergi Martín-Orúe, Susana María Pérez, José Francisco Animals (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Weaning is an important period for the swine industry and is influenced by the early events that occur during gestation and lactation. Therefore, a range of dietary and management strategies have to be implemented to achieve optimal health status, maturity, and weight at weaning. In this review, we aimed to identify the major dietary nutrients and management strategies to enhance fetal growth, reducing the oxidative and inflammatory status of sows, modulating the microbiota of sows, enhancing colostrum and milk production, and taking care of neonatal piglets. ABSTRACT: The performance of piglets in nurseries may vary depending on body weight, age at weaning, management, and pathogenic load in the pig facilities. The early events in a pig’s life are very important and may have long lasting consequences, since growth lag involves a significant cost to the system due to reduced market weights and increased barn occupancy. The present review evidences that there are several strategies that can be used to improve the performance and welfare of pigs at weaning. A complex set of early management and dietary strategies have been explored in sows and suckling piglets for achieving optimum and efficient growth of piglets after weaning. The management strategies studied to improve development and animal welfare include: (1) improving sow housing during gestation, (2) reducing pain during farrowing, (3) facilitating an early and sufficient colostrum intake, (4) promoting an early social interaction between litters, and (5) providing complementary feed during lactation. Dietary strategies for sows and suckling piglets aim to: (1) enhance fetal growth (arginine, folate, betaine, vitamin B(12), carnitine, chromium, and zinc), (2) increase colostrum and milk production (DL-methionine, DL-2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid, arginine, L-carnitine, tryptophan, valine, vitamin E, and phytogenic actives), (3) modulate sows’ oxidative and inflammation status (polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E, selenium, phytogenic actives, and spray dried plasma), (4) allow early microbial colonization (probiotics), or (5) supply conditionally essential nutrients (nucleotides, glutamate, glutamine, threonine, and tryptophan). MDPI 2021-01-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7911825/ /pubmed/33503942 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020302 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Blavi, Laia Solà-Oriol, David Llonch, Pol López-Vergé, Sergi Martín-Orúe, Susana María Pérez, José Francisco Management and Feeding Strategies in Early Life to Increase Piglet Performance and Welfare around Weaning: A Review |
title | Management and Feeding Strategies in Early Life to Increase Piglet Performance and Welfare around Weaning: A Review |
title_full | Management and Feeding Strategies in Early Life to Increase Piglet Performance and Welfare around Weaning: A Review |
title_fullStr | Management and Feeding Strategies in Early Life to Increase Piglet Performance and Welfare around Weaning: A Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Management and Feeding Strategies in Early Life to Increase Piglet Performance and Welfare around Weaning: A Review |
title_short | Management and Feeding Strategies in Early Life to Increase Piglet Performance and Welfare around Weaning: A Review |
title_sort | management and feeding strategies in early life to increase piglet performance and welfare around weaning: a review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7911825/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33503942 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020302 |
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