Cargando…
An In-Silico Comparative Study of Lipases from the Antarctic Psychrophilic Ciliate Euplotes focardii and the Mesophilic Congeneric Species Euplotes crassus: Insight into Molecular Cold-Adaptation
Cold-adapted enzymes produced by psychrophilic organisms have elevated catalytic activities at low temperatures compared to their mesophilic counterparts. This is largely due to amino acids changes in the protein sequence that often confer increased molecular flexibility in the cold. Comparison of s...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912073/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33513970 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19020067 |
_version_ | 1783656491307237376 |
---|---|
author | Yang, Guang Mozzicafreddo, Matteo Ballarini, Patrizia Pucciarelli, Sandra Miceli, Cristina |
author_facet | Yang, Guang Mozzicafreddo, Matteo Ballarini, Patrizia Pucciarelli, Sandra Miceli, Cristina |
author_sort | Yang, Guang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cold-adapted enzymes produced by psychrophilic organisms have elevated catalytic activities at low temperatures compared to their mesophilic counterparts. This is largely due to amino acids changes in the protein sequence that often confer increased molecular flexibility in the cold. Comparison of structural changes between psychrophilic and mesophilic enzymes often reveal molecular cold adaptation. In the present study, we performed an in-silico comparative analysis of 104 hydrolytic enzymes belonging to the family of lipases from two evolutionary close marine ciliate species: The Antarctic psychrophilic Euplotes focardii and the mesophilic Euplotes crassus. By applying bioinformatics approaches, we compared amino acid composition and predicted secondary and tertiary structures of these lipases to extract relevant information relative to cold adaptation. Our results not only confirm the importance of several previous recognized amino acid substitutions for cold adaptation, as the preference for small amino acid, but also identify some new factors correlated with the secondary structure possibly responsible for enhanced enzyme activity at low temperatures. This study emphasizes the subtle sequence and structural modifications that may help to transform mesophilic into psychrophilic enzymes for industrial applications by protein engineering. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7912073 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79120732021-02-28 An In-Silico Comparative Study of Lipases from the Antarctic Psychrophilic Ciliate Euplotes focardii and the Mesophilic Congeneric Species Euplotes crassus: Insight into Molecular Cold-Adaptation Yang, Guang Mozzicafreddo, Matteo Ballarini, Patrizia Pucciarelli, Sandra Miceli, Cristina Mar Drugs Article Cold-adapted enzymes produced by psychrophilic organisms have elevated catalytic activities at low temperatures compared to their mesophilic counterparts. This is largely due to amino acids changes in the protein sequence that often confer increased molecular flexibility in the cold. Comparison of structural changes between psychrophilic and mesophilic enzymes often reveal molecular cold adaptation. In the present study, we performed an in-silico comparative analysis of 104 hydrolytic enzymes belonging to the family of lipases from two evolutionary close marine ciliate species: The Antarctic psychrophilic Euplotes focardii and the mesophilic Euplotes crassus. By applying bioinformatics approaches, we compared amino acid composition and predicted secondary and tertiary structures of these lipases to extract relevant information relative to cold adaptation. Our results not only confirm the importance of several previous recognized amino acid substitutions for cold adaptation, as the preference for small amino acid, but also identify some new factors correlated with the secondary structure possibly responsible for enhanced enzyme activity at low temperatures. This study emphasizes the subtle sequence and structural modifications that may help to transform mesophilic into psychrophilic enzymes for industrial applications by protein engineering. MDPI 2021-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7912073/ /pubmed/33513970 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19020067 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Yang, Guang Mozzicafreddo, Matteo Ballarini, Patrizia Pucciarelli, Sandra Miceli, Cristina An In-Silico Comparative Study of Lipases from the Antarctic Psychrophilic Ciliate Euplotes focardii and the Mesophilic Congeneric Species Euplotes crassus: Insight into Molecular Cold-Adaptation |
title | An In-Silico Comparative Study of Lipases from the Antarctic Psychrophilic Ciliate Euplotes focardii and the Mesophilic Congeneric Species Euplotes crassus: Insight into Molecular Cold-Adaptation |
title_full | An In-Silico Comparative Study of Lipases from the Antarctic Psychrophilic Ciliate Euplotes focardii and the Mesophilic Congeneric Species Euplotes crassus: Insight into Molecular Cold-Adaptation |
title_fullStr | An In-Silico Comparative Study of Lipases from the Antarctic Psychrophilic Ciliate Euplotes focardii and the Mesophilic Congeneric Species Euplotes crassus: Insight into Molecular Cold-Adaptation |
title_full_unstemmed | An In-Silico Comparative Study of Lipases from the Antarctic Psychrophilic Ciliate Euplotes focardii and the Mesophilic Congeneric Species Euplotes crassus: Insight into Molecular Cold-Adaptation |
title_short | An In-Silico Comparative Study of Lipases from the Antarctic Psychrophilic Ciliate Euplotes focardii and the Mesophilic Congeneric Species Euplotes crassus: Insight into Molecular Cold-Adaptation |
title_sort | in-silico comparative study of lipases from the antarctic psychrophilic ciliate euplotes focardii and the mesophilic congeneric species euplotes crassus: insight into molecular cold-adaptation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912073/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33513970 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19020067 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT yangguang aninsilicocomparativestudyoflipasesfromtheantarcticpsychrophilicciliateeuplotesfocardiiandthemesophiliccongenericspecieseuplotescrassusinsightintomolecularcoldadaptation AT mozzicafreddomatteo aninsilicocomparativestudyoflipasesfromtheantarcticpsychrophilicciliateeuplotesfocardiiandthemesophiliccongenericspecieseuplotescrassusinsightintomolecularcoldadaptation AT ballarinipatrizia aninsilicocomparativestudyoflipasesfromtheantarcticpsychrophilicciliateeuplotesfocardiiandthemesophiliccongenericspecieseuplotescrassusinsightintomolecularcoldadaptation AT pucciarellisandra aninsilicocomparativestudyoflipasesfromtheantarcticpsychrophilicciliateeuplotesfocardiiandthemesophiliccongenericspecieseuplotescrassusinsightintomolecularcoldadaptation AT micelicristina aninsilicocomparativestudyoflipasesfromtheantarcticpsychrophilicciliateeuplotesfocardiiandthemesophiliccongenericspecieseuplotescrassusinsightintomolecularcoldadaptation AT yangguang insilicocomparativestudyoflipasesfromtheantarcticpsychrophilicciliateeuplotesfocardiiandthemesophiliccongenericspecieseuplotescrassusinsightintomolecularcoldadaptation AT mozzicafreddomatteo insilicocomparativestudyoflipasesfromtheantarcticpsychrophilicciliateeuplotesfocardiiandthemesophiliccongenericspecieseuplotescrassusinsightintomolecularcoldadaptation AT ballarinipatrizia insilicocomparativestudyoflipasesfromtheantarcticpsychrophilicciliateeuplotesfocardiiandthemesophiliccongenericspecieseuplotescrassusinsightintomolecularcoldadaptation AT pucciarellisandra insilicocomparativestudyoflipasesfromtheantarcticpsychrophilicciliateeuplotesfocardiiandthemesophiliccongenericspecieseuplotescrassusinsightintomolecularcoldadaptation AT micelicristina insilicocomparativestudyoflipasesfromtheantarcticpsychrophilicciliateeuplotesfocardiiandthemesophiliccongenericspecieseuplotescrassusinsightintomolecularcoldadaptation |