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Gut-Brain Axis Cross-Talk and Limbic Disorders as Biological Basis of Secondary TMAU

Background: Trimethylaminuria (TMAU) is a rare metabolic syndrome characterized by the accumulation and the excretion of trimethylamine (TMA), a volatile diet compound produced by gut microbiota. Gut microbiota alterations are mainly involved in the secondary TMAU, whose patients show also different...

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Autores principales: Donato, Luigi, Alibrandi, Simona, Scimone, Concetta, Castagnetti, Andrea, Rao, Giacomo, Sidoti, Antonina, D’Angelo, Rosalia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912098/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572540
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020087
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author Donato, Luigi
Alibrandi, Simona
Scimone, Concetta
Castagnetti, Andrea
Rao, Giacomo
Sidoti, Antonina
D’Angelo, Rosalia
author_facet Donato, Luigi
Alibrandi, Simona
Scimone, Concetta
Castagnetti, Andrea
Rao, Giacomo
Sidoti, Antonina
D’Angelo, Rosalia
author_sort Donato, Luigi
collection PubMed
description Background: Trimethylaminuria (TMAU) is a rare metabolic syndrome characterized by the accumulation and the excretion of trimethylamine (TMA), a volatile diet compound produced by gut microbiota. Gut microbiota alterations are mainly involved in the secondary TMAU, whose patients show also different psychiatric conditions. We hypothesized that the biological activity of several molecules acting as intermediate in TMA metabolic reaction might be at the basis of TMAU psychiatric comorbidities. Methods: To corroborate this hypothesis, we performed the analysis of microbiota of both psychiatric suffering secondary TMAU patients and TMAU “mentally ill” controls, comparing the alteration of metabolites produced by their gut bacteria possibly involved in neurotransmission and, in the same time, belonging to biochemical pathways leading to TMA accumulation. Results: Microbiota analyses showed that Clostridiaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Coriobacteriaceae alterations represented the bacterial families with highest variations. This results in an excessive release of serotonin and an hyperactivation of the vagus nerve that might determine the widest spectrum of psychiatric disorders shown by affected patients. These metabolites, as short chain fatty acids, lactate and neurotransmitter precursors, are also related to TMA accumulation. Conclusions: Knowledge of microbiota-gut-brain axis may become a potential new strategy for improving metabolic diseases and to treat linked psychiatric disorders.
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spelling pubmed-79120982021-02-28 Gut-Brain Axis Cross-Talk and Limbic Disorders as Biological Basis of Secondary TMAU Donato, Luigi Alibrandi, Simona Scimone, Concetta Castagnetti, Andrea Rao, Giacomo Sidoti, Antonina D’Angelo, Rosalia J Pers Med Article Background: Trimethylaminuria (TMAU) is a rare metabolic syndrome characterized by the accumulation and the excretion of trimethylamine (TMA), a volatile diet compound produced by gut microbiota. Gut microbiota alterations are mainly involved in the secondary TMAU, whose patients show also different psychiatric conditions. We hypothesized that the biological activity of several molecules acting as intermediate in TMA metabolic reaction might be at the basis of TMAU psychiatric comorbidities. Methods: To corroborate this hypothesis, we performed the analysis of microbiota of both psychiatric suffering secondary TMAU patients and TMAU “mentally ill” controls, comparing the alteration of metabolites produced by their gut bacteria possibly involved in neurotransmission and, in the same time, belonging to biochemical pathways leading to TMA accumulation. Results: Microbiota analyses showed that Clostridiaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Coriobacteriaceae alterations represented the bacterial families with highest variations. This results in an excessive release of serotonin and an hyperactivation of the vagus nerve that might determine the widest spectrum of psychiatric disorders shown by affected patients. These metabolites, as short chain fatty acids, lactate and neurotransmitter precursors, are also related to TMA accumulation. Conclusions: Knowledge of microbiota-gut-brain axis may become a potential new strategy for improving metabolic diseases and to treat linked psychiatric disorders. MDPI 2021-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7912098/ /pubmed/33572540 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020087 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Donato, Luigi
Alibrandi, Simona
Scimone, Concetta
Castagnetti, Andrea
Rao, Giacomo
Sidoti, Antonina
D’Angelo, Rosalia
Gut-Brain Axis Cross-Talk and Limbic Disorders as Biological Basis of Secondary TMAU
title Gut-Brain Axis Cross-Talk and Limbic Disorders as Biological Basis of Secondary TMAU
title_full Gut-Brain Axis Cross-Talk and Limbic Disorders as Biological Basis of Secondary TMAU
title_fullStr Gut-Brain Axis Cross-Talk and Limbic Disorders as Biological Basis of Secondary TMAU
title_full_unstemmed Gut-Brain Axis Cross-Talk and Limbic Disorders as Biological Basis of Secondary TMAU
title_short Gut-Brain Axis Cross-Talk and Limbic Disorders as Biological Basis of Secondary TMAU
title_sort gut-brain axis cross-talk and limbic disorders as biological basis of secondary tmau
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912098/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572540
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020087
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