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Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes

Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are usually recorded with passive electrodes (PE). Active electrode (AE) systems have recently become widely available; compared to PE, they allow for easier electrode preparation and a higher-quality signal, due...

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Autores principales: Mancuso, Marco, Sveva, Valerio, Cruciani, Alessandro, Brown, Katlyn, Ibáñez, Jaime, Rawji, Vishal, Casula, Elias, Premoli, Isabella, D’Ambrosio, Sasha, Rothwell, John, Rocchi, Lorenzo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912161/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33499330
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020145
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author Mancuso, Marco
Sveva, Valerio
Cruciani, Alessandro
Brown, Katlyn
Ibáñez, Jaime
Rawji, Vishal
Casula, Elias
Premoli, Isabella
D’Ambrosio, Sasha
Rothwell, John
Rocchi, Lorenzo
author_facet Mancuso, Marco
Sveva, Valerio
Cruciani, Alessandro
Brown, Katlyn
Ibáñez, Jaime
Rawji, Vishal
Casula, Elias
Premoli, Isabella
D’Ambrosio, Sasha
Rothwell, John
Rocchi, Lorenzo
author_sort Mancuso, Marco
collection PubMed
description Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are usually recorded with passive electrodes (PE). Active electrode (AE) systems have recently become widely available; compared to PE, they allow for easier electrode preparation and a higher-quality signal, due to the preamplification at the electrode stage, which reduces electrical line noise. The performance between the AE and PE can differ, especially with fast EEG voltage changes, which can easily occur with TMS-EEG; however, a systematic comparison in the TMS-EEG setting has not been made. Therefore, we recorded TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) in a group of healthy subjects in two sessions, one using PE and the other using AE. We stimulated the left primary motor cortex and right medial prefrontal cortex and used two different approaches to remove early TMS artefacts, Independent Component Analysis and Signal Space Projection—Source Informed Recovery. We assessed statistical differences in amplitude and topography of TEPs, and their similarity, by means of the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). We also tested the capability of each system to approximate the final TEP waveform with a reduced number of trials. The results showed that TEPs recorded with AE and PE do not differ in amplitude and topography, and only few electrodes showed a lower-than-expected CCC between the two methods of amplification. We conclude that AE are a viable solution for TMS-EEG recording.
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spelling pubmed-79121612021-02-28 Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes Mancuso, Marco Sveva, Valerio Cruciani, Alessandro Brown, Katlyn Ibáñez, Jaime Rawji, Vishal Casula, Elias Premoli, Isabella D’Ambrosio, Sasha Rothwell, John Rocchi, Lorenzo Brain Sci Article Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are usually recorded with passive electrodes (PE). Active electrode (AE) systems have recently become widely available; compared to PE, they allow for easier electrode preparation and a higher-quality signal, due to the preamplification at the electrode stage, which reduces electrical line noise. The performance between the AE and PE can differ, especially with fast EEG voltage changes, which can easily occur with TMS-EEG; however, a systematic comparison in the TMS-EEG setting has not been made. Therefore, we recorded TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) in a group of healthy subjects in two sessions, one using PE and the other using AE. We stimulated the left primary motor cortex and right medial prefrontal cortex and used two different approaches to remove early TMS artefacts, Independent Component Analysis and Signal Space Projection—Source Informed Recovery. We assessed statistical differences in amplitude and topography of TEPs, and their similarity, by means of the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). We also tested the capability of each system to approximate the final TEP waveform with a reduced number of trials. The results showed that TEPs recorded with AE and PE do not differ in amplitude and topography, and only few electrodes showed a lower-than-expected CCC between the two methods of amplification. We conclude that AE are a viable solution for TMS-EEG recording. MDPI 2021-01-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7912161/ /pubmed/33499330 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020145 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Mancuso, Marco
Sveva, Valerio
Cruciani, Alessandro
Brown, Katlyn
Ibáñez, Jaime
Rawji, Vishal
Casula, Elias
Premoli, Isabella
D’Ambrosio, Sasha
Rothwell, John
Rocchi, Lorenzo
Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes
title Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes
title_full Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes
title_fullStr Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes
title_full_unstemmed Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes
title_short Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes
title_sort transcranial evoked potentials can be reliably recorded with active electrodes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912161/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33499330
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020145
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