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Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes
Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are usually recorded with passive electrodes (PE). Active electrode (AE) systems have recently become widely available; compared to PE, they allow for easier electrode preparation and a higher-quality signal, due...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912161/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33499330 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020145 |
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author | Mancuso, Marco Sveva, Valerio Cruciani, Alessandro Brown, Katlyn Ibáñez, Jaime Rawji, Vishal Casula, Elias Premoli, Isabella D’Ambrosio, Sasha Rothwell, John Rocchi, Lorenzo |
author_facet | Mancuso, Marco Sveva, Valerio Cruciani, Alessandro Brown, Katlyn Ibáñez, Jaime Rawji, Vishal Casula, Elias Premoli, Isabella D’Ambrosio, Sasha Rothwell, John Rocchi, Lorenzo |
author_sort | Mancuso, Marco |
collection | PubMed |
description | Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are usually recorded with passive electrodes (PE). Active electrode (AE) systems have recently become widely available; compared to PE, they allow for easier electrode preparation and a higher-quality signal, due to the preamplification at the electrode stage, which reduces electrical line noise. The performance between the AE and PE can differ, especially with fast EEG voltage changes, which can easily occur with TMS-EEG; however, a systematic comparison in the TMS-EEG setting has not been made. Therefore, we recorded TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) in a group of healthy subjects in two sessions, one using PE and the other using AE. We stimulated the left primary motor cortex and right medial prefrontal cortex and used two different approaches to remove early TMS artefacts, Independent Component Analysis and Signal Space Projection—Source Informed Recovery. We assessed statistical differences in amplitude and topography of TEPs, and their similarity, by means of the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). We also tested the capability of each system to approximate the final TEP waveform with a reduced number of trials. The results showed that TEPs recorded with AE and PE do not differ in amplitude and topography, and only few electrodes showed a lower-than-expected CCC between the two methods of amplification. We conclude that AE are a viable solution for TMS-EEG recording. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7912161 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79121612021-02-28 Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes Mancuso, Marco Sveva, Valerio Cruciani, Alessandro Brown, Katlyn Ibáñez, Jaime Rawji, Vishal Casula, Elias Premoli, Isabella D’Ambrosio, Sasha Rothwell, John Rocchi, Lorenzo Brain Sci Article Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are usually recorded with passive electrodes (PE). Active electrode (AE) systems have recently become widely available; compared to PE, they allow for easier electrode preparation and a higher-quality signal, due to the preamplification at the electrode stage, which reduces electrical line noise. The performance between the AE and PE can differ, especially with fast EEG voltage changes, which can easily occur with TMS-EEG; however, a systematic comparison in the TMS-EEG setting has not been made. Therefore, we recorded TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) in a group of healthy subjects in two sessions, one using PE and the other using AE. We stimulated the left primary motor cortex and right medial prefrontal cortex and used two different approaches to remove early TMS artefacts, Independent Component Analysis and Signal Space Projection—Source Informed Recovery. We assessed statistical differences in amplitude and topography of TEPs, and their similarity, by means of the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). We also tested the capability of each system to approximate the final TEP waveform with a reduced number of trials. The results showed that TEPs recorded with AE and PE do not differ in amplitude and topography, and only few electrodes showed a lower-than-expected CCC between the two methods of amplification. We conclude that AE are a viable solution for TMS-EEG recording. MDPI 2021-01-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7912161/ /pubmed/33499330 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020145 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Mancuso, Marco Sveva, Valerio Cruciani, Alessandro Brown, Katlyn Ibáñez, Jaime Rawji, Vishal Casula, Elias Premoli, Isabella D’Ambrosio, Sasha Rothwell, John Rocchi, Lorenzo Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes |
title | Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes |
title_full | Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes |
title_fullStr | Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes |
title_full_unstemmed | Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes |
title_short | Transcranial Evoked Potentials Can Be Reliably Recorded with Active Electrodes |
title_sort | transcranial evoked potentials can be reliably recorded with active electrodes |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912161/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33499330 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020145 |
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