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Sensing and Signaling of Methionine Metabolism

Availability of the amino acid methionine shows remarkable effects on the physiology of individual cells and whole organisms. For example, most cancer cells, but not normal cells, are hyper dependent on high flux through metabolic pathways connected to methionine, and diets restricted for methionine...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lauinger, Linda, Kaiser, Peter
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912243/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572567
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11020083
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author Lauinger, Linda
Kaiser, Peter
author_facet Lauinger, Linda
Kaiser, Peter
author_sort Lauinger, Linda
collection PubMed
description Availability of the amino acid methionine shows remarkable effects on the physiology of individual cells and whole organisms. For example, most cancer cells, but not normal cells, are hyper dependent on high flux through metabolic pathways connected to methionine, and diets restricted for methionine increase healthy lifespan in model organisms. Methionine’s impact on physiology goes beyond its role in initiation of translation and incorporation in proteins. Many of its metabolites have a major influence on cellular functions including epigenetic regulation, maintenance of redox balance, polyamine synthesis, and phospholipid homeostasis. As a central component of such essential pathways, cells require mechanisms to sense methionine availability. When methionine levels are low, cellular response programs induce transcriptional and signaling states to remodel metabolic programs and maintain methionine metabolism. In addition, an evolutionary conserved cell cycle arrest is induced to ensure cellular and genomic integrity during methionine starvation conditions. Methionine and its metabolites are critical for cell growth, proliferation, and development in all organisms. However, mechanisms of methionine perception are diverse. Here we review current knowledge about mechanisms of methionine sensing in yeast and mammalian cells, and will discuss the impact of methionine imbalance on cancer and aging.
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spelling pubmed-79122432021-02-28 Sensing and Signaling of Methionine Metabolism Lauinger, Linda Kaiser, Peter Metabolites Review Availability of the amino acid methionine shows remarkable effects on the physiology of individual cells and whole organisms. For example, most cancer cells, but not normal cells, are hyper dependent on high flux through metabolic pathways connected to methionine, and diets restricted for methionine increase healthy lifespan in model organisms. Methionine’s impact on physiology goes beyond its role in initiation of translation and incorporation in proteins. Many of its metabolites have a major influence on cellular functions including epigenetic regulation, maintenance of redox balance, polyamine synthesis, and phospholipid homeostasis. As a central component of such essential pathways, cells require mechanisms to sense methionine availability. When methionine levels are low, cellular response programs induce transcriptional and signaling states to remodel metabolic programs and maintain methionine metabolism. In addition, an evolutionary conserved cell cycle arrest is induced to ensure cellular and genomic integrity during methionine starvation conditions. Methionine and its metabolites are critical for cell growth, proliferation, and development in all organisms. However, mechanisms of methionine perception are diverse. Here we review current knowledge about mechanisms of methionine sensing in yeast and mammalian cells, and will discuss the impact of methionine imbalance on cancer and aging. MDPI 2021-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7912243/ /pubmed/33572567 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11020083 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Lauinger, Linda
Kaiser, Peter
Sensing and Signaling of Methionine Metabolism
title Sensing and Signaling of Methionine Metabolism
title_full Sensing and Signaling of Methionine Metabolism
title_fullStr Sensing and Signaling of Methionine Metabolism
title_full_unstemmed Sensing and Signaling of Methionine Metabolism
title_short Sensing and Signaling of Methionine Metabolism
title_sort sensing and signaling of methionine metabolism
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912243/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572567
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11020083
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