Multiscale Thermodynamics

Multiscale thermodynamics is a theory of the relations among the levels of investigation of complex systems. It includes the classical equilibrium thermodynamics as a special case, but it is applicable to both static and time evolving processes in externally and internally driven macroscopic systems...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Grmela, Miroslav
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912246/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33573063
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23020165
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author Grmela, Miroslav
author_facet Grmela, Miroslav
author_sort Grmela, Miroslav
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description Multiscale thermodynamics is a theory of the relations among the levels of investigation of complex systems. It includes the classical equilibrium thermodynamics as a special case, but it is applicable to both static and time evolving processes in externally and internally driven macroscopic systems that are far from equilibrium and are investigated at the microscopic, mesoscopic, and macroscopic levels. In this paper we formulate multiscale thermodynamics, explain its origin, and illustrate it in mesoscopic dynamics that combines levels.
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spelling pubmed-79122462021-02-28 Multiscale Thermodynamics Grmela, Miroslav Entropy (Basel) Article Multiscale thermodynamics is a theory of the relations among the levels of investigation of complex systems. It includes the classical equilibrium thermodynamics as a special case, but it is applicable to both static and time evolving processes in externally and internally driven macroscopic systems that are far from equilibrium and are investigated at the microscopic, mesoscopic, and macroscopic levels. In this paper we formulate multiscale thermodynamics, explain its origin, and illustrate it in mesoscopic dynamics that combines levels. MDPI 2021-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7912246/ /pubmed/33573063 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23020165 Text en © 2021 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Grmela, Miroslav
Multiscale Thermodynamics
title Multiscale Thermodynamics
title_full Multiscale Thermodynamics
title_fullStr Multiscale Thermodynamics
title_full_unstemmed Multiscale Thermodynamics
title_short Multiscale Thermodynamics
title_sort multiscale thermodynamics
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912246/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33573063
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23020165
work_keys_str_mv AT grmelamiroslav multiscalethermodynamics

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