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Electrophysiology Read-Out Tools for Brain-on-Chip Biotechnology

Brain-on-Chip (BoC) biotechnology is emerging as a promising tool for biomedical and pharmaceutical research applied to the neurosciences. At the convergence between lab-on-chip and cell biology, BoC couples in vitro three-dimensional brain-like systems to an engineered microfluidics platform design...

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Autores principales: Forro, Csaba, Caron, Davide, Angotzi, Gian Nicola, Gallo, Vincenzo, Berdondini, Luca, Santoro, Francesca, Palazzolo, Gemma, Panuccio, Gabriella
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912435/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33498905
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12020124
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author Forro, Csaba
Caron, Davide
Angotzi, Gian Nicola
Gallo, Vincenzo
Berdondini, Luca
Santoro, Francesca
Palazzolo, Gemma
Panuccio, Gabriella
author_facet Forro, Csaba
Caron, Davide
Angotzi, Gian Nicola
Gallo, Vincenzo
Berdondini, Luca
Santoro, Francesca
Palazzolo, Gemma
Panuccio, Gabriella
author_sort Forro, Csaba
collection PubMed
description Brain-on-Chip (BoC) biotechnology is emerging as a promising tool for biomedical and pharmaceutical research applied to the neurosciences. At the convergence between lab-on-chip and cell biology, BoC couples in vitro three-dimensional brain-like systems to an engineered microfluidics platform designed to provide an in vivo-like extrinsic microenvironment with the aim of replicating tissue- or organ-level physiological functions. BoC therefore offers the advantage of an in vitro reproduction of brain structures that is more faithful to the native correlate than what is obtained with conventional cell culture techniques. As brain function ultimately results in the generation of electrical signals, electrophysiology techniques are paramount for studying brain activity in health and disease. However, as BoC is still in its infancy, the availability of combined BoC–electrophysiology platforms is still limited. Here, we summarize the available biological substrates for BoC, starting with a historical perspective. We then describe the available tools enabling BoC electrophysiology studies, detailing their fabrication process and technical features, along with their advantages and limitations. We discuss the current and future applications of BoC electrophysiology, also expanding to complementary approaches. We conclude with an evaluation of the potential translational applications and prospective technology developments.
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spelling pubmed-79124352021-02-28 Electrophysiology Read-Out Tools for Brain-on-Chip Biotechnology Forro, Csaba Caron, Davide Angotzi, Gian Nicola Gallo, Vincenzo Berdondini, Luca Santoro, Francesca Palazzolo, Gemma Panuccio, Gabriella Micromachines (Basel) Review Brain-on-Chip (BoC) biotechnology is emerging as a promising tool for biomedical and pharmaceutical research applied to the neurosciences. At the convergence between lab-on-chip and cell biology, BoC couples in vitro three-dimensional brain-like systems to an engineered microfluidics platform designed to provide an in vivo-like extrinsic microenvironment with the aim of replicating tissue- or organ-level physiological functions. BoC therefore offers the advantage of an in vitro reproduction of brain structures that is more faithful to the native correlate than what is obtained with conventional cell culture techniques. As brain function ultimately results in the generation of electrical signals, electrophysiology techniques are paramount for studying brain activity in health and disease. However, as BoC is still in its infancy, the availability of combined BoC–electrophysiology platforms is still limited. Here, we summarize the available biological substrates for BoC, starting with a historical perspective. We then describe the available tools enabling BoC electrophysiology studies, detailing their fabrication process and technical features, along with their advantages and limitations. We discuss the current and future applications of BoC electrophysiology, also expanding to complementary approaches. We conclude with an evaluation of the potential translational applications and prospective technology developments. MDPI 2021-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7912435/ /pubmed/33498905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12020124 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Forro, Csaba
Caron, Davide
Angotzi, Gian Nicola
Gallo, Vincenzo
Berdondini, Luca
Santoro, Francesca
Palazzolo, Gemma
Panuccio, Gabriella
Electrophysiology Read-Out Tools for Brain-on-Chip Biotechnology
title Electrophysiology Read-Out Tools for Brain-on-Chip Biotechnology
title_full Electrophysiology Read-Out Tools for Brain-on-Chip Biotechnology
title_fullStr Electrophysiology Read-Out Tools for Brain-on-Chip Biotechnology
title_full_unstemmed Electrophysiology Read-Out Tools for Brain-on-Chip Biotechnology
title_short Electrophysiology Read-Out Tools for Brain-on-Chip Biotechnology
title_sort electrophysiology read-out tools for brain-on-chip biotechnology
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7912435/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33498905
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12020124
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