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Cutibacterium acnes as an Opportunistic Pathogen: An Update of Its Virulence-Associated Factors

Cutibacterium acnes is a member of the skin microbiota found predominantly in regions rich in sebaceous glands. It is involved in maintaining healthy skin and has long been considered a commensal bacterium. Its involvement in various infections has led to its emergence as an opportunist pathogen. In...

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Autores principales: Mayslich, Constance, Grange, Philippe Alain, Dupin, Nicolas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7913060/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33540667
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020303
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author Mayslich, Constance
Grange, Philippe Alain
Dupin, Nicolas
author_facet Mayslich, Constance
Grange, Philippe Alain
Dupin, Nicolas
author_sort Mayslich, Constance
collection PubMed
description Cutibacterium acnes is a member of the skin microbiota found predominantly in regions rich in sebaceous glands. It is involved in maintaining healthy skin and has long been considered a commensal bacterium. Its involvement in various infections has led to its emergence as an opportunist pathogen. Interactions between C. acnes and the human host, including the human skin microbiota, promote the selection of C. acnes strains capable of producing several virulence factors that increase inflammatory capability. This pathogenic property may be related to many infectious mechanisms, such as an ability to form biofilms and the expression of putative virulence factors capable of triggering host immune responses or enabling C. acnes to adapt to its environment. During the past decade, many studies have identified and characterized several putative virulence factors potentially involved in the pathogenicity of this bacterium. These virulence factors are involved in bacterial attachment to target cells, polysaccharide-based biofilm synthesis, molecular structures mediating inflammation, and the enzymatic degradation of host tissues. C. acnes, like other skin-associated bacteria, can colonize various ecological niches other than skin. It produces several proteins or glycoproteins that could be considered to be active virulence factors, enabling the bacterium to adapt to the lipophilic environment of the pilosebaceous unit of the skin, but also to the various organs it colonizes. In this review, we summarize current knowledge concerning characterized C. acnes virulence factors and their possible implication in the pathogenicity of C. acnes.
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spelling pubmed-79130602021-02-28 Cutibacterium acnes as an Opportunistic Pathogen: An Update of Its Virulence-Associated Factors Mayslich, Constance Grange, Philippe Alain Dupin, Nicolas Microorganisms Review Cutibacterium acnes is a member of the skin microbiota found predominantly in regions rich in sebaceous glands. It is involved in maintaining healthy skin and has long been considered a commensal bacterium. Its involvement in various infections has led to its emergence as an opportunist pathogen. Interactions between C. acnes and the human host, including the human skin microbiota, promote the selection of C. acnes strains capable of producing several virulence factors that increase inflammatory capability. This pathogenic property may be related to many infectious mechanisms, such as an ability to form biofilms and the expression of putative virulence factors capable of triggering host immune responses or enabling C. acnes to adapt to its environment. During the past decade, many studies have identified and characterized several putative virulence factors potentially involved in the pathogenicity of this bacterium. These virulence factors are involved in bacterial attachment to target cells, polysaccharide-based biofilm synthesis, molecular structures mediating inflammation, and the enzymatic degradation of host tissues. C. acnes, like other skin-associated bacteria, can colonize various ecological niches other than skin. It produces several proteins or glycoproteins that could be considered to be active virulence factors, enabling the bacterium to adapt to the lipophilic environment of the pilosebaceous unit of the skin, but also to the various organs it colonizes. In this review, we summarize current knowledge concerning characterized C. acnes virulence factors and their possible implication in the pathogenicity of C. acnes. MDPI 2021-02-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7913060/ /pubmed/33540667 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020303 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Mayslich, Constance
Grange, Philippe Alain
Dupin, Nicolas
Cutibacterium acnes as an Opportunistic Pathogen: An Update of Its Virulence-Associated Factors
title Cutibacterium acnes as an Opportunistic Pathogen: An Update of Its Virulence-Associated Factors
title_full Cutibacterium acnes as an Opportunistic Pathogen: An Update of Its Virulence-Associated Factors
title_fullStr Cutibacterium acnes as an Opportunistic Pathogen: An Update of Its Virulence-Associated Factors
title_full_unstemmed Cutibacterium acnes as an Opportunistic Pathogen: An Update of Its Virulence-Associated Factors
title_short Cutibacterium acnes as an Opportunistic Pathogen: An Update of Its Virulence-Associated Factors
title_sort cutibacterium acnes as an opportunistic pathogen: an update of its virulence-associated factors
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7913060/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33540667
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020303
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