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The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Antibiotics: Methods, Interpretation, Clinical Relevance

Inefficiency of medical therapies used in order to cure patients with bacterial infections requires not only to actively look for new therapeutic strategies but also to carefully select antibiotics based on variety of parameters, including microbiological. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) defi...

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Autores principales: Kowalska-Krochmal, Beata, Dudek-Wicher, Ruth
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7913839/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33557078
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10020165
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author Kowalska-Krochmal, Beata
Dudek-Wicher, Ruth
author_facet Kowalska-Krochmal, Beata
Dudek-Wicher, Ruth
author_sort Kowalska-Krochmal, Beata
collection PubMed
description Inefficiency of medical therapies used in order to cure patients with bacterial infections requires not only to actively look for new therapeutic strategies but also to carefully select antibiotics based on variety of parameters, including microbiological. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) defines in vitro levels of susceptibility or resistance of specific bacterial strains to applied antibiotic. Reliable assessment of MIC has a significant impact on the choice of a therapeutic strategy, which affects efficiency of an infection therapy. In order to obtain credible MIC, many elements must be considered, such as proper method choice, adherence to labeling rules, and competent interpretation of the results. In this paper, two methods have been discussed: dilution and gradient used for MIC estimation. Factors which affect MIC results along with the interpretation guidelines have been described. Furthermore, opportunities to utilize MIC in clinical practice, with pharmacokinetic /pharmacodynamic parameters taken into consideration, have been investigated. Due to problems related to PK determination in individual patients, statistical estimation of the possibility of achievement of the PK/PD index, based on the Monte Carlo, was discussed. In order to provide comprehensive insights, the possible limitations of MIC, which scientists are aware of, have been outlined.
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spelling pubmed-79138392021-02-28 The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Antibiotics: Methods, Interpretation, Clinical Relevance Kowalska-Krochmal, Beata Dudek-Wicher, Ruth Pathogens Review Inefficiency of medical therapies used in order to cure patients with bacterial infections requires not only to actively look for new therapeutic strategies but also to carefully select antibiotics based on variety of parameters, including microbiological. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) defines in vitro levels of susceptibility or resistance of specific bacterial strains to applied antibiotic. Reliable assessment of MIC has a significant impact on the choice of a therapeutic strategy, which affects efficiency of an infection therapy. In order to obtain credible MIC, many elements must be considered, such as proper method choice, adherence to labeling rules, and competent interpretation of the results. In this paper, two methods have been discussed: dilution and gradient used for MIC estimation. Factors which affect MIC results along with the interpretation guidelines have been described. Furthermore, opportunities to utilize MIC in clinical practice, with pharmacokinetic /pharmacodynamic parameters taken into consideration, have been investigated. Due to problems related to PK determination in individual patients, statistical estimation of the possibility of achievement of the PK/PD index, based on the Monte Carlo, was discussed. In order to provide comprehensive insights, the possible limitations of MIC, which scientists are aware of, have been outlined. MDPI 2021-02-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7913839/ /pubmed/33557078 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10020165 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kowalska-Krochmal, Beata
Dudek-Wicher, Ruth
The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Antibiotics: Methods, Interpretation, Clinical Relevance
title The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Antibiotics: Methods, Interpretation, Clinical Relevance
title_full The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Antibiotics: Methods, Interpretation, Clinical Relevance
title_fullStr The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Antibiotics: Methods, Interpretation, Clinical Relevance
title_full_unstemmed The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Antibiotics: Methods, Interpretation, Clinical Relevance
title_short The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Antibiotics: Methods, Interpretation, Clinical Relevance
title_sort minimum inhibitory concentration of antibiotics: methods, interpretation, clinical relevance
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7913839/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33557078
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10020165
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