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A Review of Analytical Methods for Codeine Determination
Codeine is derived from morphine, an opioid analgesic, and has weaker analgesic and sedative effects than the parent molecule. This weak opioid is commonly used in combination with other drugs for over-the-counter cough relief medication. Due to the psychoactive properties of opioid drugs, the easil...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7913935/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33557168 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040800 |
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author | Pratiwi, Rimadani Noviana, Eka Fauziati, Rizky Carrão, Daniel Blascke Gandhi, Firas Adinda Majid, Mutiara Aini Saputri, Febrina Amelia |
author_facet | Pratiwi, Rimadani Noviana, Eka Fauziati, Rizky Carrão, Daniel Blascke Gandhi, Firas Adinda Majid, Mutiara Aini Saputri, Febrina Amelia |
author_sort | Pratiwi, Rimadani |
collection | PubMed |
description | Codeine is derived from morphine, an opioid analgesic, and has weaker analgesic and sedative effects than the parent molecule. This weak opioid is commonly used in combination with other drugs for over-the-counter cough relief medication. Due to the psychoactive properties of opioid drugs, the easily obtained codeine often becomes subject to misuse. Codeine misuse has emerged as a concerning public health issue due to its associated adverse effects such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and hemorrhage. Thus, it is very important to develop reliable analytical techniques to detect codeine for both quality control of pharmaceutical formulations and identifying drug misuse in the community. This review aims to provide critical outlooks on analytical methods applicable to the determination of codeine. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7913935 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79139352021-02-28 A Review of Analytical Methods for Codeine Determination Pratiwi, Rimadani Noviana, Eka Fauziati, Rizky Carrão, Daniel Blascke Gandhi, Firas Adinda Majid, Mutiara Aini Saputri, Febrina Amelia Molecules Review Codeine is derived from morphine, an opioid analgesic, and has weaker analgesic and sedative effects than the parent molecule. This weak opioid is commonly used in combination with other drugs for over-the-counter cough relief medication. Due to the psychoactive properties of opioid drugs, the easily obtained codeine often becomes subject to misuse. Codeine misuse has emerged as a concerning public health issue due to its associated adverse effects such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and hemorrhage. Thus, it is very important to develop reliable analytical techniques to detect codeine for both quality control of pharmaceutical formulations and identifying drug misuse in the community. This review aims to provide critical outlooks on analytical methods applicable to the determination of codeine. MDPI 2021-02-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7913935/ /pubmed/33557168 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040800 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Pratiwi, Rimadani Noviana, Eka Fauziati, Rizky Carrão, Daniel Blascke Gandhi, Firas Adinda Majid, Mutiara Aini Saputri, Febrina Amelia A Review of Analytical Methods for Codeine Determination |
title | A Review of Analytical Methods for Codeine Determination |
title_full | A Review of Analytical Methods for Codeine Determination |
title_fullStr | A Review of Analytical Methods for Codeine Determination |
title_full_unstemmed | A Review of Analytical Methods for Codeine Determination |
title_short | A Review of Analytical Methods for Codeine Determination |
title_sort | review of analytical methods for codeine determination |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7913935/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33557168 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040800 |
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