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Polyamine Metabolism Is Involved in the Direct Regeneration of Shoots from Arabidopsis Lateral Root Primordia
Plants can be regenerated from various explants/tissues via de novo shoot meristem formation. Most of these regeneration pathways are indirect and involve callus formation. Besides plant hormones, the role of polyamines (PAs) has been implicated in these processes. Interestingly, the lateral root pr...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7915173/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33562616 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10020305 |
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author | Kaszler, Nikolett Benkő, Péter Bernula, Dóra Szepesi, Ágnes Fehér, Attila Gémes, Katalin |
author_facet | Kaszler, Nikolett Benkő, Péter Bernula, Dóra Szepesi, Ágnes Fehér, Attila Gémes, Katalin |
author_sort | Kaszler, Nikolett |
collection | PubMed |
description | Plants can be regenerated from various explants/tissues via de novo shoot meristem formation. Most of these regeneration pathways are indirect and involve callus formation. Besides plant hormones, the role of polyamines (PAs) has been implicated in these processes. Interestingly, the lateral root primordia (LRPs) of Arabidopsis can be directly converted to shoot meristems by exogenous cytokinin application. In this system, no callus formation takes place. We report that the level of PAs, especially that of spermidine (Spd), increased during meristem conversion and the application of exogenous Spd improved its efficiency. The high endogenous Spd level could be due to enhanced synthesis as indicated by the augmented relative expression of PA synthesis genes (AtADC1,2, AtSAMDC2,4, AtSPDS1,2) during the process. However, the effect of PAs on shoot meristem formation might also be dependent on their catabolism. The expression of Arabidopsis POLYAMINE OXIDASE 5 (AtPAO5) was shown to be specifically high during the process and its ectopic overexpression increased the LRP-to-shoot conversion efficiency. This was correlated with Spd accumulation in the roots and ROS accumulation in the converting LRPs. The potential ways how PAO5 may influence direct shoot organogenesis from Arabidopsis LRPs are discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7915173 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79151732021-03-01 Polyamine Metabolism Is Involved in the Direct Regeneration of Shoots from Arabidopsis Lateral Root Primordia Kaszler, Nikolett Benkő, Péter Bernula, Dóra Szepesi, Ágnes Fehér, Attila Gémes, Katalin Plants (Basel) Article Plants can be regenerated from various explants/tissues via de novo shoot meristem formation. Most of these regeneration pathways are indirect and involve callus formation. Besides plant hormones, the role of polyamines (PAs) has been implicated in these processes. Interestingly, the lateral root primordia (LRPs) of Arabidopsis can be directly converted to shoot meristems by exogenous cytokinin application. In this system, no callus formation takes place. We report that the level of PAs, especially that of spermidine (Spd), increased during meristem conversion and the application of exogenous Spd improved its efficiency. The high endogenous Spd level could be due to enhanced synthesis as indicated by the augmented relative expression of PA synthesis genes (AtADC1,2, AtSAMDC2,4, AtSPDS1,2) during the process. However, the effect of PAs on shoot meristem formation might also be dependent on their catabolism. The expression of Arabidopsis POLYAMINE OXIDASE 5 (AtPAO5) was shown to be specifically high during the process and its ectopic overexpression increased the LRP-to-shoot conversion efficiency. This was correlated with Spd accumulation in the roots and ROS accumulation in the converting LRPs. The potential ways how PAO5 may influence direct shoot organogenesis from Arabidopsis LRPs are discussed. MDPI 2021-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7915173/ /pubmed/33562616 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10020305 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kaszler, Nikolett Benkő, Péter Bernula, Dóra Szepesi, Ágnes Fehér, Attila Gémes, Katalin Polyamine Metabolism Is Involved in the Direct Regeneration of Shoots from Arabidopsis Lateral Root Primordia |
title | Polyamine Metabolism Is Involved in the Direct Regeneration of Shoots from Arabidopsis Lateral Root Primordia |
title_full | Polyamine Metabolism Is Involved in the Direct Regeneration of Shoots from Arabidopsis Lateral Root Primordia |
title_fullStr | Polyamine Metabolism Is Involved in the Direct Regeneration of Shoots from Arabidopsis Lateral Root Primordia |
title_full_unstemmed | Polyamine Metabolism Is Involved in the Direct Regeneration of Shoots from Arabidopsis Lateral Root Primordia |
title_short | Polyamine Metabolism Is Involved in the Direct Regeneration of Shoots from Arabidopsis Lateral Root Primordia |
title_sort | polyamine metabolism is involved in the direct regeneration of shoots from arabidopsis lateral root primordia |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7915173/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33562616 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10020305 |
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