Cargando…

Allium-Based Phytobiotic Enhances Egg Production in Laying Hens through Microbial Composition Changes in Ileum and Cecum

SIMPLE SUMMARY: The misuse of antibiotics has led several countries to ban their use as prophylactics against bacterial diseases or as growth promoters in livestock and poultry. Phytobiotics (bioactive compounds extracted from plants) are one of the alternatives, due to their antimicrobial activity...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rabelo-Ruiz, Miguel, Ariza-Romero, Juan José, Zurita-González, María Jesús, Martín-Platero, Antonio Manuel, Baños, Alberto, Maqueda, Mercedes, Valdivia, Eva, Martínez-Bueno, Manuel, Peralta-Sánchez, Juan Manuel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7915398/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572138
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020448
_version_ 1783657229447069696
author Rabelo-Ruiz, Miguel
Ariza-Romero, Juan José
Zurita-González, María Jesús
Martín-Platero, Antonio Manuel
Baños, Alberto
Maqueda, Mercedes
Valdivia, Eva
Martínez-Bueno, Manuel
Peralta-Sánchez, Juan Manuel
author_facet Rabelo-Ruiz, Miguel
Ariza-Romero, Juan José
Zurita-González, María Jesús
Martín-Platero, Antonio Manuel
Baños, Alberto
Maqueda, Mercedes
Valdivia, Eva
Martínez-Bueno, Manuel
Peralta-Sánchez, Juan Manuel
author_sort Rabelo-Ruiz, Miguel
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: The misuse of antibiotics has led several countries to ban their use as prophylactics against bacterial diseases or as growth promoters in livestock and poultry. Phytobiotics (bioactive compounds extracted from plants) are one of the alternatives, due to their antimicrobial activity and its modulation of the gut microbiota and the improvement of productive properties. Garlic and onion extracts, rich in antimicrobial compounds, are of the most promising alternative to antibiotics. We supplemented a garlic- and onion-based product in the diet to laying hens at the beginning of their productive life. The group supplied with this product produced in one month more eggs and with bigger size. This increase in production was accompanied by changes in the bacterial community of the gut. These changes in the microbiota suggest an improvement in food digestibility, as the most important changes produced by these compounds occur in the most distal parts of the gut. The relative abundance of beneficial Lactococcus in the ileum and Lactobacillus in the cecum increased in the experimental group. Both genera are known to have beneficial effects on host. These results are very promising for the use of these compounds in poultry for short periods. ABSTRACT: Phytobiotics (bioactive compounds extracted from plants) are one of the explored alternatives to antibiotics in poultry and livestock due to their antimicrobial activity and its positive effects on gut microbiota and productive properties. In this study, we supplemented a product based on garlic and onion compounds in the diet to laying hens at the beginning of their productive life (from 16 to 20 weeks post-hatching). The experimental group showed a significant increase in the number of eggs laid and in their size, produced in one month compared to the control. This increase in production was accompanied by microbiota changes in the ileum and cecum by means of high throughput sequencing analyses. These bacterial shifts in the ileum were mainly the result of compositional changes in the rare biosphere (unweighted UniFrac), while in the cecum, treatment affected both majority and minority bacterial groups (weighted and unweighted UniFrac). These changes in the microbiota suggest an improvement in food digestibility. The relative abundance of Lactococcus in the ileum and Lactobacillus in the cecum increased significantly in the experimental group. The relative abundance of these bacterial genera are known to have positive effects on the hosts. These results are very promising for the use of these compounds in poultry for short periods.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7915398
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-79153982021-03-01 Allium-Based Phytobiotic Enhances Egg Production in Laying Hens through Microbial Composition Changes in Ileum and Cecum Rabelo-Ruiz, Miguel Ariza-Romero, Juan José Zurita-González, María Jesús Martín-Platero, Antonio Manuel Baños, Alberto Maqueda, Mercedes Valdivia, Eva Martínez-Bueno, Manuel Peralta-Sánchez, Juan Manuel Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: The misuse of antibiotics has led several countries to ban their use as prophylactics against bacterial diseases or as growth promoters in livestock and poultry. Phytobiotics (bioactive compounds extracted from plants) are one of the alternatives, due to their antimicrobial activity and its modulation of the gut microbiota and the improvement of productive properties. Garlic and onion extracts, rich in antimicrobial compounds, are of the most promising alternative to antibiotics. We supplemented a garlic- and onion-based product in the diet to laying hens at the beginning of their productive life. The group supplied with this product produced in one month more eggs and with bigger size. This increase in production was accompanied by changes in the bacterial community of the gut. These changes in the microbiota suggest an improvement in food digestibility, as the most important changes produced by these compounds occur in the most distal parts of the gut. The relative abundance of beneficial Lactococcus in the ileum and Lactobacillus in the cecum increased in the experimental group. Both genera are known to have beneficial effects on host. These results are very promising for the use of these compounds in poultry for short periods. ABSTRACT: Phytobiotics (bioactive compounds extracted from plants) are one of the explored alternatives to antibiotics in poultry and livestock due to their antimicrobial activity and its positive effects on gut microbiota and productive properties. In this study, we supplemented a product based on garlic and onion compounds in the diet to laying hens at the beginning of their productive life (from 16 to 20 weeks post-hatching). The experimental group showed a significant increase in the number of eggs laid and in their size, produced in one month compared to the control. This increase in production was accompanied by microbiota changes in the ileum and cecum by means of high throughput sequencing analyses. These bacterial shifts in the ileum were mainly the result of compositional changes in the rare biosphere (unweighted UniFrac), while in the cecum, treatment affected both majority and minority bacterial groups (weighted and unweighted UniFrac). These changes in the microbiota suggest an improvement in food digestibility. The relative abundance of Lactococcus in the ileum and Lactobacillus in the cecum increased significantly in the experimental group. The relative abundance of these bacterial genera are known to have positive effects on the hosts. These results are very promising for the use of these compounds in poultry for short periods. MDPI 2021-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7915398/ /pubmed/33572138 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020448 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rabelo-Ruiz, Miguel
Ariza-Romero, Juan José
Zurita-González, María Jesús
Martín-Platero, Antonio Manuel
Baños, Alberto
Maqueda, Mercedes
Valdivia, Eva
Martínez-Bueno, Manuel
Peralta-Sánchez, Juan Manuel
Allium-Based Phytobiotic Enhances Egg Production in Laying Hens through Microbial Composition Changes in Ileum and Cecum
title Allium-Based Phytobiotic Enhances Egg Production in Laying Hens through Microbial Composition Changes in Ileum and Cecum
title_full Allium-Based Phytobiotic Enhances Egg Production in Laying Hens through Microbial Composition Changes in Ileum and Cecum
title_fullStr Allium-Based Phytobiotic Enhances Egg Production in Laying Hens through Microbial Composition Changes in Ileum and Cecum
title_full_unstemmed Allium-Based Phytobiotic Enhances Egg Production in Laying Hens through Microbial Composition Changes in Ileum and Cecum
title_short Allium-Based Phytobiotic Enhances Egg Production in Laying Hens through Microbial Composition Changes in Ileum and Cecum
title_sort allium-based phytobiotic enhances egg production in laying hens through microbial composition changes in ileum and cecum
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7915398/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572138
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020448
work_keys_str_mv AT rabeloruizmiguel alliumbasedphytobioticenhanceseggproductioninlayinghensthroughmicrobialcompositionchangesinileumandcecum
AT arizaromerojuanjose alliumbasedphytobioticenhanceseggproductioninlayinghensthroughmicrobialcompositionchangesinileumandcecum
AT zuritagonzalezmariajesus alliumbasedphytobioticenhanceseggproductioninlayinghensthroughmicrobialcompositionchangesinileumandcecum
AT martinplateroantoniomanuel alliumbasedphytobioticenhanceseggproductioninlayinghensthroughmicrobialcompositionchangesinileumandcecum
AT banosalberto alliumbasedphytobioticenhanceseggproductioninlayinghensthroughmicrobialcompositionchangesinileumandcecum
AT maquedamercedes alliumbasedphytobioticenhanceseggproductioninlayinghensthroughmicrobialcompositionchangesinileumandcecum
AT valdiviaeva alliumbasedphytobioticenhanceseggproductioninlayinghensthroughmicrobialcompositionchangesinileumandcecum
AT martinezbuenomanuel alliumbasedphytobioticenhanceseggproductioninlayinghensthroughmicrobialcompositionchangesinileumandcecum
AT peraltasanchezjuanmanuel alliumbasedphytobioticenhanceseggproductioninlayinghensthroughmicrobialcompositionchangesinileumandcecum