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The Presence of Hypoechoic Micronodules in Patients with Hashimoto′s Thyroiditis Increases the Risk of an Alarming Cytological Outcome
The aim of the study was to identify a possible relation between various ultrasonographic (US) appearances of Hashimoto′s thyroiditis (HT) and the risk of obtaining an alarming cytology of coexisting nodules. The study included 557 patients with HT, who had been referred for fine needle aspiration b...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7915457/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33562377 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040638 |
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author | Słowińska-Klencka, Dorota Wojtaszek-Nowicka, Martyna Klencki, Mariusz Wysocka-Konieczna, Kamila Popowicz, Bożena |
author_facet | Słowińska-Klencka, Dorota Wojtaszek-Nowicka, Martyna Klencki, Mariusz Wysocka-Konieczna, Kamila Popowicz, Bożena |
author_sort | Słowińska-Klencka, Dorota |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aim of the study was to identify a possible relation between various ultrasonographic (US) appearances of Hashimoto′s thyroiditis (HT) and the risk of obtaining an alarming cytology of coexisting nodules. The study included 557 patients with HT, who had been referred for fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA). We divided US patterns of HT (UP-HT) into eight groups: (a) Hypoechoic (compared to submandibular glands), homogeneous/fine echotexture; (b) hypoechoic, heterogeneous/coarse echotexture; (c) marked hypoechoic (darker than strap muscles), heterogeneous/coarse echotexture; (d) heterogeneous echotexture with hyperechoic, fibrous septa; (e) multiple, discrete marked hypoechoic areas (sized as 1 to 6 mm); (f) normoechoic pseudo-nodular areas; (g) echostructure similar to connective tissue; (h) thyroid parenchyma with no signs of HT. Indications for a surgical treatment resulting from the FNA outcome (categories IV–VI of Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology) were identified only in patients with variants b, c, and e of UP-HT, but merely the “multiple, discrete marked hypoechoic areas” variant significantly increased the odds of obtaining such cytology (OR:5.7). The presence of the “normoechoic pseudo-nodular areas” variant significantly increased the odds for the benign cytology (OR:1.7). There are significant differences in the frequency of obtaining an alarming cytology in relation to the UP-HT variant. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7915457 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79154572021-03-01 The Presence of Hypoechoic Micronodules in Patients with Hashimoto′s Thyroiditis Increases the Risk of an Alarming Cytological Outcome Słowińska-Klencka, Dorota Wojtaszek-Nowicka, Martyna Klencki, Mariusz Wysocka-Konieczna, Kamila Popowicz, Bożena J Clin Med Article The aim of the study was to identify a possible relation between various ultrasonographic (US) appearances of Hashimoto′s thyroiditis (HT) and the risk of obtaining an alarming cytology of coexisting nodules. The study included 557 patients with HT, who had been referred for fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA). We divided US patterns of HT (UP-HT) into eight groups: (a) Hypoechoic (compared to submandibular glands), homogeneous/fine echotexture; (b) hypoechoic, heterogeneous/coarse echotexture; (c) marked hypoechoic (darker than strap muscles), heterogeneous/coarse echotexture; (d) heterogeneous echotexture with hyperechoic, fibrous septa; (e) multiple, discrete marked hypoechoic areas (sized as 1 to 6 mm); (f) normoechoic pseudo-nodular areas; (g) echostructure similar to connective tissue; (h) thyroid parenchyma with no signs of HT. Indications for a surgical treatment resulting from the FNA outcome (categories IV–VI of Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology) were identified only in patients with variants b, c, and e of UP-HT, but merely the “multiple, discrete marked hypoechoic areas” variant significantly increased the odds of obtaining such cytology (OR:5.7). The presence of the “normoechoic pseudo-nodular areas” variant significantly increased the odds for the benign cytology (OR:1.7). There are significant differences in the frequency of obtaining an alarming cytology in relation to the UP-HT variant. MDPI 2021-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7915457/ /pubmed/33562377 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040638 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Słowińska-Klencka, Dorota Wojtaszek-Nowicka, Martyna Klencki, Mariusz Wysocka-Konieczna, Kamila Popowicz, Bożena The Presence of Hypoechoic Micronodules in Patients with Hashimoto′s Thyroiditis Increases the Risk of an Alarming Cytological Outcome |
title | The Presence of Hypoechoic Micronodules in Patients with Hashimoto′s Thyroiditis Increases the Risk of an Alarming Cytological Outcome |
title_full | The Presence of Hypoechoic Micronodules in Patients with Hashimoto′s Thyroiditis Increases the Risk of an Alarming Cytological Outcome |
title_fullStr | The Presence of Hypoechoic Micronodules in Patients with Hashimoto′s Thyroiditis Increases the Risk of an Alarming Cytological Outcome |
title_full_unstemmed | The Presence of Hypoechoic Micronodules in Patients with Hashimoto′s Thyroiditis Increases the Risk of an Alarming Cytological Outcome |
title_short | The Presence of Hypoechoic Micronodules in Patients with Hashimoto′s Thyroiditis Increases the Risk of an Alarming Cytological Outcome |
title_sort | presence of hypoechoic micronodules in patients with hashimoto′s thyroiditis increases the risk of an alarming cytological outcome |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7915457/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33562377 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040638 |
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