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The Double Face of Ketamine—The Possibility of Its Identification in Blood and Beverages

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a high-sensitivity methodology for identifying one of the most used drugs—ketamine. Ketamine is used medicinally to treat depression, alcoholism, and heroin addiction. Moreover, ketamine is the main ingredient used in so-called “date-rape” pills...

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Autores principales: Świądro, Magdalena, Stelmaszczyk, Paweł, Lenart, Irena, Wietecha-Posłuszny, Renata
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7915646/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33557268
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040813
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author Świądro, Magdalena
Stelmaszczyk, Paweł
Lenart, Irena
Wietecha-Posłuszny, Renata
author_facet Świądro, Magdalena
Stelmaszczyk, Paweł
Lenart, Irena
Wietecha-Posłuszny, Renata
author_sort Świądro, Magdalena
collection PubMed
description The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a high-sensitivity methodology for identifying one of the most used drugs—ketamine. Ketamine is used medicinally to treat depression, alcoholism, and heroin addiction. Moreover, ketamine is the main ingredient used in so-called “date-rape” pills (DRP). This study presents a novel methodology for the simultaneous determination of ketamine based on the Dried Blood Spot (DBS) method, in combination with capillary electrophoresis coupled with a mass spectrometer (CE-TOF-MS). Then, 6-mm circles were punched out from DBS collected on Whatman DMPK-C paper and extracted using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The assay was linear in the range of 25–300 ng/mL. Values of limits of detection (LOD = 6.0 ng/mL) and quantification (LOQ = 19.8 ng/mL) were determined based on the signal to noise ratio. Intra-day precision at each determined concentration level was in the range of 6.1–11.1%, and inter-day between 7.9–13.1%. The obtained precision was under 15.0% (for medium and high concentrations) and lower than 20.0% (for low concentrations), which are in accordance with acceptance criteria. Therefore, the DBS/MAE/CE-TOF-MS method was successfully checked for analysis of ketamine in matrices other than blood, i.e., rose wine and orange juice. Moreover, it is possible to identify ketamine in the presence of flunitrazepam, which is the other most popular ingredient used in DRP. Based on this information, the selectivity of the proposed methodology for identifying ketamine in the presence of other components of rape pills was checked.
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spelling pubmed-79156462021-03-01 The Double Face of Ketamine—The Possibility of Its Identification in Blood and Beverages Świądro, Magdalena Stelmaszczyk, Paweł Lenart, Irena Wietecha-Posłuszny, Renata Molecules Article The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a high-sensitivity methodology for identifying one of the most used drugs—ketamine. Ketamine is used medicinally to treat depression, alcoholism, and heroin addiction. Moreover, ketamine is the main ingredient used in so-called “date-rape” pills (DRP). This study presents a novel methodology for the simultaneous determination of ketamine based on the Dried Blood Spot (DBS) method, in combination with capillary electrophoresis coupled with a mass spectrometer (CE-TOF-MS). Then, 6-mm circles were punched out from DBS collected on Whatman DMPK-C paper and extracted using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The assay was linear in the range of 25–300 ng/mL. Values of limits of detection (LOD = 6.0 ng/mL) and quantification (LOQ = 19.8 ng/mL) were determined based on the signal to noise ratio. Intra-day precision at each determined concentration level was in the range of 6.1–11.1%, and inter-day between 7.9–13.1%. The obtained precision was under 15.0% (for medium and high concentrations) and lower than 20.0% (for low concentrations), which are in accordance with acceptance criteria. Therefore, the DBS/MAE/CE-TOF-MS method was successfully checked for analysis of ketamine in matrices other than blood, i.e., rose wine and orange juice. Moreover, it is possible to identify ketamine in the presence of flunitrazepam, which is the other most popular ingredient used in DRP. Based on this information, the selectivity of the proposed methodology for identifying ketamine in the presence of other components of rape pills was checked. MDPI 2021-02-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7915646/ /pubmed/33557268 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040813 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Świądro, Magdalena
Stelmaszczyk, Paweł
Lenart, Irena
Wietecha-Posłuszny, Renata
The Double Face of Ketamine—The Possibility of Its Identification in Blood and Beverages
title The Double Face of Ketamine—The Possibility of Its Identification in Blood and Beverages
title_full The Double Face of Ketamine—The Possibility of Its Identification in Blood and Beverages
title_fullStr The Double Face of Ketamine—The Possibility of Its Identification in Blood and Beverages
title_full_unstemmed The Double Face of Ketamine—The Possibility of Its Identification in Blood and Beverages
title_short The Double Face of Ketamine—The Possibility of Its Identification in Blood and Beverages
title_sort double face of ketamine—the possibility of its identification in blood and beverages
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7915646/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33557268
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040813
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