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Variation in Phenolic Chemistry in Zostera marina Seagrass along Environmental Gradients

Chemical ecology has been suggested as a less time-consuming and more cost-efficient monitoring tool of seagrass ecosystems than traditional methods. Phenolic chemistry in Zostera marina samples was analyzed against latitude, sea depth, sample position within a seagrass meadow (periphery or center)...

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Autores principales: Sævdal Dybsland, Cecilie, Bekkby, Trine, Hasle Enerstvedt, Kjersti, Kvalheim, Olav M., Rinde, Eli, Jordheim, Monica
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7916139/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572371
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10020334
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author Sævdal Dybsland, Cecilie
Bekkby, Trine
Hasle Enerstvedt, Kjersti
Kvalheim, Olav M.
Rinde, Eli
Jordheim, Monica
author_facet Sævdal Dybsland, Cecilie
Bekkby, Trine
Hasle Enerstvedt, Kjersti
Kvalheim, Olav M.
Rinde, Eli
Jordheim, Monica
author_sort Sævdal Dybsland, Cecilie
collection PubMed
description Chemical ecology has been suggested as a less time-consuming and more cost-efficient monitoring tool of seagrass ecosystems than traditional methods. Phenolic chemistry in Zostera marina samples was analyzed against latitude, sea depth, sample position within a seagrass meadow (periphery or center) and wave exposure. Multivariate data analysis showed that rosmarinic acid correlated moderately positively with depth, while the flavonoids had an overall strong negative correlation with increasing depth—possibly reflecting lack of stress-induced conditions with increasing depth, rather than a different response to light conditions. At a molecular level, the flavonoids were separated into two groups; one group is well described by the variables of depth and wave exposure, and the other group that was not well described by these variables—the latter may reflect biosynthetic dependencies or other unrevealed factors. A higher flavonoid/rosmarinic acid ratio was seen in the periphery of a seagrass meadow, while the contrary ratio was seen in the center. This may reflect higher plant stress in the periphery of a meadow, and the flavonoid/rosmarinic acid ratio may provide a possible molecular index of seagrass ecosystem health. Further studies are needed before the full potential of using variation in phenolic chemistry as a seagrass ecosystem monitoring tool is established.
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spelling pubmed-79161392021-03-01 Variation in Phenolic Chemistry in Zostera marina Seagrass along Environmental Gradients Sævdal Dybsland, Cecilie Bekkby, Trine Hasle Enerstvedt, Kjersti Kvalheim, Olav M. Rinde, Eli Jordheim, Monica Plants (Basel) Article Chemical ecology has been suggested as a less time-consuming and more cost-efficient monitoring tool of seagrass ecosystems than traditional methods. Phenolic chemistry in Zostera marina samples was analyzed against latitude, sea depth, sample position within a seagrass meadow (periphery or center) and wave exposure. Multivariate data analysis showed that rosmarinic acid correlated moderately positively with depth, while the flavonoids had an overall strong negative correlation with increasing depth—possibly reflecting lack of stress-induced conditions with increasing depth, rather than a different response to light conditions. At a molecular level, the flavonoids were separated into two groups; one group is well described by the variables of depth and wave exposure, and the other group that was not well described by these variables—the latter may reflect biosynthetic dependencies or other unrevealed factors. A higher flavonoid/rosmarinic acid ratio was seen in the periphery of a seagrass meadow, while the contrary ratio was seen in the center. This may reflect higher plant stress in the periphery of a meadow, and the flavonoid/rosmarinic acid ratio may provide a possible molecular index of seagrass ecosystem health. Further studies are needed before the full potential of using variation in phenolic chemistry as a seagrass ecosystem monitoring tool is established. MDPI 2021-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7916139/ /pubmed/33572371 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10020334 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sævdal Dybsland, Cecilie
Bekkby, Trine
Hasle Enerstvedt, Kjersti
Kvalheim, Olav M.
Rinde, Eli
Jordheim, Monica
Variation in Phenolic Chemistry in Zostera marina Seagrass along Environmental Gradients
title Variation in Phenolic Chemistry in Zostera marina Seagrass along Environmental Gradients
title_full Variation in Phenolic Chemistry in Zostera marina Seagrass along Environmental Gradients
title_fullStr Variation in Phenolic Chemistry in Zostera marina Seagrass along Environmental Gradients
title_full_unstemmed Variation in Phenolic Chemistry in Zostera marina Seagrass along Environmental Gradients
title_short Variation in Phenolic Chemistry in Zostera marina Seagrass along Environmental Gradients
title_sort variation in phenolic chemistry in zostera marina seagrass along environmental gradients
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7916139/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572371
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10020334
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