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Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage
Ancient pagodas are usually parts of hot tourist spots in many oriental countries due to their unique historical backgrounds. They are usually polygonal structures comprised by multiple floors, which are separated by eaves. In this paper, we propose a new method to investigate both the rotational an...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7916231/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572401 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041228 |
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author | Chan, Ting On Xia, Linyuan Chen, Yimin Lang, Wei Chen, Tingting Sun, Yeran Wang, Jing Li, Qianxia Du, Ruxu |
author_facet | Chan, Ting On Xia, Linyuan Chen, Yimin Lang, Wei Chen, Tingting Sun, Yeran Wang, Jing Li, Qianxia Du, Ruxu |
author_sort | Chan, Ting On |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ancient pagodas are usually parts of hot tourist spots in many oriental countries due to their unique historical backgrounds. They are usually polygonal structures comprised by multiple floors, which are separated by eaves. In this paper, we propose a new method to investigate both the rotational and reflectional symmetry of such polygonal pagodas through developing novel geometric models to fit to the 3D point clouds obtained from photogrammetric reconstruction. The geometric model consists of multiple polygonal pyramid/prism models but has a common central axis. The method was verified by four datasets collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and a hand-held digital camera. The results indicate that the models fit accurately to the pagodas’ point clouds. The symmetry was realized by rotating and reflecting the pagodas’ point clouds after a complete leveling of the point cloud was achieved using the estimated central axes. The results show that there are RMSEs of 5.04 cm and 5.20 cm deviated from the perfect (theoretical) rotational and reflectional symmetries, respectively. This concludes that the examined pagodas are highly symmetric, both rotationally and reflectionally. The concept presented in the paper not only work for polygonal pagodas, but it can also be readily transformed and implemented for other applications for other pagoda-like objects such as transmission towers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7916231 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79162312021-03-01 Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage Chan, Ting On Xia, Linyuan Chen, Yimin Lang, Wei Chen, Tingting Sun, Yeran Wang, Jing Li, Qianxia Du, Ruxu Sensors (Basel) Article Ancient pagodas are usually parts of hot tourist spots in many oriental countries due to their unique historical backgrounds. They are usually polygonal structures comprised by multiple floors, which are separated by eaves. In this paper, we propose a new method to investigate both the rotational and reflectional symmetry of such polygonal pagodas through developing novel geometric models to fit to the 3D point clouds obtained from photogrammetric reconstruction. The geometric model consists of multiple polygonal pyramid/prism models but has a common central axis. The method was verified by four datasets collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and a hand-held digital camera. The results indicate that the models fit accurately to the pagodas’ point clouds. The symmetry was realized by rotating and reflecting the pagodas’ point clouds after a complete leveling of the point cloud was achieved using the estimated central axes. The results show that there are RMSEs of 5.04 cm and 5.20 cm deviated from the perfect (theoretical) rotational and reflectional symmetries, respectively. This concludes that the examined pagodas are highly symmetric, both rotationally and reflectionally. The concept presented in the paper not only work for polygonal pagodas, but it can also be readily transformed and implemented for other applications for other pagoda-like objects such as transmission towers. MDPI 2021-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7916231/ /pubmed/33572401 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041228 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Chan, Ting On Xia, Linyuan Chen, Yimin Lang, Wei Chen, Tingting Sun, Yeran Wang, Jing Li, Qianxia Du, Ruxu Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage |
title | Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage |
title_full | Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage |
title_fullStr | Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage |
title_full_unstemmed | Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage |
title_short | Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage |
title_sort | symmetry analysis of oriental polygonal pagodas using 3d point clouds for cultural heritage |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7916231/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572401 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041228 |
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