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Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage

Ancient pagodas are usually parts of hot tourist spots in many oriental countries due to their unique historical backgrounds. They are usually polygonal structures comprised by multiple floors, which are separated by eaves. In this paper, we propose a new method to investigate both the rotational an...

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Autores principales: Chan, Ting On, Xia, Linyuan, Chen, Yimin, Lang, Wei, Chen, Tingting, Sun, Yeran, Wang, Jing, Li, Qianxia, Du, Ruxu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7916231/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572401
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041228
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author Chan, Ting On
Xia, Linyuan
Chen, Yimin
Lang, Wei
Chen, Tingting
Sun, Yeran
Wang, Jing
Li, Qianxia
Du, Ruxu
author_facet Chan, Ting On
Xia, Linyuan
Chen, Yimin
Lang, Wei
Chen, Tingting
Sun, Yeran
Wang, Jing
Li, Qianxia
Du, Ruxu
author_sort Chan, Ting On
collection PubMed
description Ancient pagodas are usually parts of hot tourist spots in many oriental countries due to their unique historical backgrounds. They are usually polygonal structures comprised by multiple floors, which are separated by eaves. In this paper, we propose a new method to investigate both the rotational and reflectional symmetry of such polygonal pagodas through developing novel geometric models to fit to the 3D point clouds obtained from photogrammetric reconstruction. The geometric model consists of multiple polygonal pyramid/prism models but has a common central axis. The method was verified by four datasets collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and a hand-held digital camera. The results indicate that the models fit accurately to the pagodas’ point clouds. The symmetry was realized by rotating and reflecting the pagodas’ point clouds after a complete leveling of the point cloud was achieved using the estimated central axes. The results show that there are RMSEs of 5.04 cm and 5.20 cm deviated from the perfect (theoretical) rotational and reflectional symmetries, respectively. This concludes that the examined pagodas are highly symmetric, both rotationally and reflectionally. The concept presented in the paper not only work for polygonal pagodas, but it can also be readily transformed and implemented for other applications for other pagoda-like objects such as transmission towers.
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spelling pubmed-79162312021-03-01 Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage Chan, Ting On Xia, Linyuan Chen, Yimin Lang, Wei Chen, Tingting Sun, Yeran Wang, Jing Li, Qianxia Du, Ruxu Sensors (Basel) Article Ancient pagodas are usually parts of hot tourist spots in many oriental countries due to their unique historical backgrounds. They are usually polygonal structures comprised by multiple floors, which are separated by eaves. In this paper, we propose a new method to investigate both the rotational and reflectional symmetry of such polygonal pagodas through developing novel geometric models to fit to the 3D point clouds obtained from photogrammetric reconstruction. The geometric model consists of multiple polygonal pyramid/prism models but has a common central axis. The method was verified by four datasets collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and a hand-held digital camera. The results indicate that the models fit accurately to the pagodas’ point clouds. The symmetry was realized by rotating and reflecting the pagodas’ point clouds after a complete leveling of the point cloud was achieved using the estimated central axes. The results show that there are RMSEs of 5.04 cm and 5.20 cm deviated from the perfect (theoretical) rotational and reflectional symmetries, respectively. This concludes that the examined pagodas are highly symmetric, both rotationally and reflectionally. The concept presented in the paper not only work for polygonal pagodas, but it can also be readily transformed and implemented for other applications for other pagoda-like objects such as transmission towers. MDPI 2021-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7916231/ /pubmed/33572401 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041228 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chan, Ting On
Xia, Linyuan
Chen, Yimin
Lang, Wei
Chen, Tingting
Sun, Yeran
Wang, Jing
Li, Qianxia
Du, Ruxu
Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage
title Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage
title_full Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage
title_fullStr Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage
title_full_unstemmed Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage
title_short Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage
title_sort symmetry analysis of oriental polygonal pagodas using 3d point clouds for cultural heritage
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7916231/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33572401
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041228
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