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Embryological Development and Topographic Anatomy of Pelvic Compartments—Surgical Relevance for Pelvic Lymphonodectomy
Background: The oncological outcome of surgery for the treatment of pelvic malignancies can be improved by performing pelvic lymphonodectomy. However, the extent and regions of lymph node harvest are debated and require profound knowledge of anatomy in order to avoid collateral damage. Methods: The...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7916954/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33670197 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040708 |
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author | Bayer, Andreas Heinze, Tillmann Alkatout, Ibrahim Osmonov, Daniar Stelzner, Sigmar Wedel, Thilo |
author_facet | Bayer, Andreas Heinze, Tillmann Alkatout, Ibrahim Osmonov, Daniar Stelzner, Sigmar Wedel, Thilo |
author_sort | Bayer, Andreas |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: The oncological outcome of surgery for the treatment of pelvic malignancies can be improved by performing pelvic lymphonodectomy. However, the extent and regions of lymph node harvest are debated and require profound knowledge of anatomy in order to avoid collateral damage. Methods: The embryological development and topographic anatomy of pelvic compartments in relation to pelvic lymphonodectomy for rectal, uterine, and prostate cancer are reviewed. Based on pre-dissected anatomical specimens, lymph node regions and drainage routes of the posterior and urogenital pelvic compartments are described in both genders. Anatomical landmarks are highlighted to identify structures at risk of injury during pelvic lymphonodectomy. Results: The ontogenesis of urogenital and anorectal compartments and their lymphatic supply are key factors for adequate lymphonodectomy, and have led to compartment-based surgical resection strategies. However, pelvic lymphonodectomy bears the risk of injury to somatic and autonomic nerves, vessels, and organs, depending on the regions and extent of surgery. Conclusion: Embryologically defined, compartment-based resection of pelvic malignancies and their lymphatic drainage routes are based on clearly delineated anatomical landmarks, which permit template-oriented pelvic lymphonodectomy. Comprehensive knowledge of pelvic anatomy, the exchange of surgical concepts between specialties, and minimally invasive techniques will optimize pelvic lymphonodectomy and reduce complications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7916954 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79169542021-03-01 Embryological Development and Topographic Anatomy of Pelvic Compartments—Surgical Relevance for Pelvic Lymphonodectomy Bayer, Andreas Heinze, Tillmann Alkatout, Ibrahim Osmonov, Daniar Stelzner, Sigmar Wedel, Thilo J Clin Med Article Background: The oncological outcome of surgery for the treatment of pelvic malignancies can be improved by performing pelvic lymphonodectomy. However, the extent and regions of lymph node harvest are debated and require profound knowledge of anatomy in order to avoid collateral damage. Methods: The embryological development and topographic anatomy of pelvic compartments in relation to pelvic lymphonodectomy for rectal, uterine, and prostate cancer are reviewed. Based on pre-dissected anatomical specimens, lymph node regions and drainage routes of the posterior and urogenital pelvic compartments are described in both genders. Anatomical landmarks are highlighted to identify structures at risk of injury during pelvic lymphonodectomy. Results: The ontogenesis of urogenital and anorectal compartments and their lymphatic supply are key factors for adequate lymphonodectomy, and have led to compartment-based surgical resection strategies. However, pelvic lymphonodectomy bears the risk of injury to somatic and autonomic nerves, vessels, and organs, depending on the regions and extent of surgery. Conclusion: Embryologically defined, compartment-based resection of pelvic malignancies and their lymphatic drainage routes are based on clearly delineated anatomical landmarks, which permit template-oriented pelvic lymphonodectomy. Comprehensive knowledge of pelvic anatomy, the exchange of surgical concepts between specialties, and minimally invasive techniques will optimize pelvic lymphonodectomy and reduce complications. MDPI 2021-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7916954/ /pubmed/33670197 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040708 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Bayer, Andreas Heinze, Tillmann Alkatout, Ibrahim Osmonov, Daniar Stelzner, Sigmar Wedel, Thilo Embryological Development and Topographic Anatomy of Pelvic Compartments—Surgical Relevance for Pelvic Lymphonodectomy |
title | Embryological Development and Topographic Anatomy of Pelvic Compartments—Surgical Relevance for Pelvic Lymphonodectomy |
title_full | Embryological Development and Topographic Anatomy of Pelvic Compartments—Surgical Relevance for Pelvic Lymphonodectomy |
title_fullStr | Embryological Development and Topographic Anatomy of Pelvic Compartments—Surgical Relevance for Pelvic Lymphonodectomy |
title_full_unstemmed | Embryological Development and Topographic Anatomy of Pelvic Compartments—Surgical Relevance for Pelvic Lymphonodectomy |
title_short | Embryological Development and Topographic Anatomy of Pelvic Compartments—Surgical Relevance for Pelvic Lymphonodectomy |
title_sort | embryological development and topographic anatomy of pelvic compartments—surgical relevance for pelvic lymphonodectomy |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7916954/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33670197 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040708 |
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