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Effect of Different Cooling Strategies on Surface Quality and Power Consumption in Finishing End Milling of Stainless Steel 316
In this paper, an experimental investigation into the machinability of AISI 316 alloy during finishing end milling operation under different cooling conditions and with varying process parameters is presented. Three environmental-friendly cooling strategies were utilized, namely, dry, minimal quanti...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7917743/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672840 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040903 |
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author | Abbas, Adel T. Anwar, Saqib Abdelnasser, Elshaimaa Luqman, Monis Qudeiri, Jaber E. Abu Elkaseer, Ahmed |
author_facet | Abbas, Adel T. Anwar, Saqib Abdelnasser, Elshaimaa Luqman, Monis Qudeiri, Jaber E. Abu Elkaseer, Ahmed |
author_sort | Abbas, Adel T. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this paper, an experimental investigation into the machinability of AISI 316 alloy during finishing end milling operation under different cooling conditions and with varying process parameters is presented. Three environmental-friendly cooling strategies were utilized, namely, dry, minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) and MQL with nanoparticles (Al(2)O(3)), and the variable process parameters were cutting speed and feed rate. Power consumption and surface quality were utilized as the machining responses to characterize the process performance. Surface quality was examined by evaluating the final surface roughness and surface integrity of the machined surface. The results revealed a reduction in power consumption when MQL and MQL + Al(2)O(3) strategies were applied compared to the dry case by averages of 4.7% and 8.6%, respectively. Besides, a considerable reduction in the surface roughness was noticed with average values of 40% and 44% for MQL and MQL + Al(2)O(3) strategies, respectively, when compared to the dry condition. At the same time, the reduction in generated surface roughness obtained by using MQL + Al(2)O(3) condition was marginal (5.9%) compared with using MQL condition. Moreover, the results showed that the improvement obtained in the surface quality when using MQL and MQL + Al(2)O(3) coolants increased at higher cutting speed and feed rate, and thus, higher productivity can be achieved without deteriorating final surface quality, compared to dry conditions. From scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, debris, furrows, plastic deformation irregular friction marks, and bores were found in the surface texture when machining under dry conditions. A slight smoother surface with a nano-polishing effect was found in the case of MQL + Al(2)O(3) compared to the MQL and dry cooling strategies. This proves the effectiveness of lubricant with nanoparticles in reducing the friction and thermal damages on the machined surface as the friction marks were still observed when machining with MQL comparable with the case of MQL + Al(2)O(3). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7917743 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79177432021-03-02 Effect of Different Cooling Strategies on Surface Quality and Power Consumption in Finishing End Milling of Stainless Steel 316 Abbas, Adel T. Anwar, Saqib Abdelnasser, Elshaimaa Luqman, Monis Qudeiri, Jaber E. Abu Elkaseer, Ahmed Materials (Basel) Article In this paper, an experimental investigation into the machinability of AISI 316 alloy during finishing end milling operation under different cooling conditions and with varying process parameters is presented. Three environmental-friendly cooling strategies were utilized, namely, dry, minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) and MQL with nanoparticles (Al(2)O(3)), and the variable process parameters were cutting speed and feed rate. Power consumption and surface quality were utilized as the machining responses to characterize the process performance. Surface quality was examined by evaluating the final surface roughness and surface integrity of the machined surface. The results revealed a reduction in power consumption when MQL and MQL + Al(2)O(3) strategies were applied compared to the dry case by averages of 4.7% and 8.6%, respectively. Besides, a considerable reduction in the surface roughness was noticed with average values of 40% and 44% for MQL and MQL + Al(2)O(3) strategies, respectively, when compared to the dry condition. At the same time, the reduction in generated surface roughness obtained by using MQL + Al(2)O(3) condition was marginal (5.9%) compared with using MQL condition. Moreover, the results showed that the improvement obtained in the surface quality when using MQL and MQL + Al(2)O(3) coolants increased at higher cutting speed and feed rate, and thus, higher productivity can be achieved without deteriorating final surface quality, compared to dry conditions. From scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, debris, furrows, plastic deformation irregular friction marks, and bores were found in the surface texture when machining under dry conditions. A slight smoother surface with a nano-polishing effect was found in the case of MQL + Al(2)O(3) compared to the MQL and dry cooling strategies. This proves the effectiveness of lubricant with nanoparticles in reducing the friction and thermal damages on the machined surface as the friction marks were still observed when machining with MQL comparable with the case of MQL + Al(2)O(3). MDPI 2021-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7917743/ /pubmed/33672840 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040903 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Abbas, Adel T. Anwar, Saqib Abdelnasser, Elshaimaa Luqman, Monis Qudeiri, Jaber E. Abu Elkaseer, Ahmed Effect of Different Cooling Strategies on Surface Quality and Power Consumption in Finishing End Milling of Stainless Steel 316 |
title | Effect of Different Cooling Strategies on Surface Quality and Power Consumption in Finishing End Milling of Stainless Steel 316 |
title_full | Effect of Different Cooling Strategies on Surface Quality and Power Consumption in Finishing End Milling of Stainless Steel 316 |
title_fullStr | Effect of Different Cooling Strategies on Surface Quality and Power Consumption in Finishing End Milling of Stainless Steel 316 |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Different Cooling Strategies on Surface Quality and Power Consumption in Finishing End Milling of Stainless Steel 316 |
title_short | Effect of Different Cooling Strategies on Surface Quality and Power Consumption in Finishing End Milling of Stainless Steel 316 |
title_sort | effect of different cooling strategies on surface quality and power consumption in finishing end milling of stainless steel 316 |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7917743/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672840 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040903 |
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