Weight Gain in Incarcerated Individuals Living With HIV After Switching to Integrase Strand Inhibitor-Based Therapy

INTRODUCTION: Post-marketing data have demonstrated the potential for weight gain with integrase inhibitors (INSTI) use in antiretroviral (ART) therapy. METHODS: A medical chart review evaluated virologically suppressed adult prisoners living with HIV and on a non-INSTI regimen before switching or adding an INSTI. Primary outcome assessed average weight change; Secondary outcomes evaluated change in body mass index (BMI), fasting lipid panel, and development of hypertension. Statistical analysis included paired t-tests and descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Among 103 study participants, 95% were men with a median age of 44 years. Each INSTI was associated with an average weight increase of 4.3 kg (p < 0.025). Bictegravir and dolutegravir were also associated with significant increases in BMI, +1.4kg/m(2) and +2.8kg/m(2), respectively (p = 0.011 and p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Patients receiving HIV care in a correctional setting and on INSTI-based treatments experienced weight gain and increases in BMI. Future research should focus on the mechanism of development and interventions to prevent weight gain.