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Cooperative Effects of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Sepiolite When Combined on Ionic Liquid Plasticised Chitosan Materials

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and/or sepiolite (SPT) were thermomechanically mixed with un-plasticised chitosan and chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) blends plasticised with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C(2)mim][OAc]). Examination of the morphology of these materials indicates that SPT...

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Autores principales: Chen, Pei, Xie, Fengwei, Tang, Fengzai, McNally, Tony
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7918726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672901
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040571
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author Chen, Pei
Xie, Fengwei
Tang, Fengzai
McNally, Tony
author_facet Chen, Pei
Xie, Fengwei
Tang, Fengzai
McNally, Tony
author_sort Chen, Pei
collection PubMed
description Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and/or sepiolite (SPT) were thermomechanically mixed with un-plasticised chitosan and chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) blends plasticised with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C(2)mim][OAc]). Examination of the morphology of these materials indicates that SPT aggregates were reduced when CNCs or [C(2)mim][OAc] were present. Inclusion of CNCs and/or SPT had a greater effect on material properties when the matrices were un-plasticised. Addition of SPT or CNCs altered the crystalline structure of the un-plasticised chitosan matrix. Moreover, a combination of SPT and CNCs was more effective at suppressing re-crystallisation. Nonetheless, the mechanical properties and surface hydrophobicity were more related to CNC/SPT–biopolymer interactions. The un-plasticised bionanocomposites generally showed increased relaxation temperatures, enhanced tensile strength, and reduced surface wettability. For the [C(2)mim][OAc] plasticised matrices, the ionic liquid (IL) dominates the interactions with the biopolymers such that the effect of the nanofillers is diminished. However, for the [C(2)mim][OAc] plasticised chitosan/CMC matrix, CNCs and SPT acted synergistically suppressing re-crystallisation but resulting in increased tensile strength.
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spelling pubmed-79187262021-03-02 Cooperative Effects of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Sepiolite When Combined on Ionic Liquid Plasticised Chitosan Materials Chen, Pei Xie, Fengwei Tang, Fengzai McNally, Tony Polymers (Basel) Article Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and/or sepiolite (SPT) were thermomechanically mixed with un-plasticised chitosan and chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) blends plasticised with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C(2)mim][OAc]). Examination of the morphology of these materials indicates that SPT aggregates were reduced when CNCs or [C(2)mim][OAc] were present. Inclusion of CNCs and/or SPT had a greater effect on material properties when the matrices were un-plasticised. Addition of SPT or CNCs altered the crystalline structure of the un-plasticised chitosan matrix. Moreover, a combination of SPT and CNCs was more effective at suppressing re-crystallisation. Nonetheless, the mechanical properties and surface hydrophobicity were more related to CNC/SPT–biopolymer interactions. The un-plasticised bionanocomposites generally showed increased relaxation temperatures, enhanced tensile strength, and reduced surface wettability. For the [C(2)mim][OAc] plasticised matrices, the ionic liquid (IL) dominates the interactions with the biopolymers such that the effect of the nanofillers is diminished. However, for the [C(2)mim][OAc] plasticised chitosan/CMC matrix, CNCs and SPT acted synergistically suppressing re-crystallisation but resulting in increased tensile strength. MDPI 2021-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7918726/ /pubmed/33672901 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040571 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chen, Pei
Xie, Fengwei
Tang, Fengzai
McNally, Tony
Cooperative Effects of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Sepiolite When Combined on Ionic Liquid Plasticised Chitosan Materials
title Cooperative Effects of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Sepiolite When Combined on Ionic Liquid Plasticised Chitosan Materials
title_full Cooperative Effects of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Sepiolite When Combined on Ionic Liquid Plasticised Chitosan Materials
title_fullStr Cooperative Effects of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Sepiolite When Combined on Ionic Liquid Plasticised Chitosan Materials
title_full_unstemmed Cooperative Effects of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Sepiolite When Combined on Ionic Liquid Plasticised Chitosan Materials
title_short Cooperative Effects of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Sepiolite When Combined on Ionic Liquid Plasticised Chitosan Materials
title_sort cooperative effects of cellulose nanocrystals and sepiolite when combined on ionic liquid plasticised chitosan materials
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7918726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33672901
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040571
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AT tangfengzai cooperativeeffectsofcellulosenanocrystalsandsepiolitewhencombinedonionicliquidplasticisedchitosanmaterials
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