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Appraisal of probabilistic human health risks of heavy metals in vegetables from industrial, non-industrial and arsenic contaminated areas of Bangladesh

Monitoring of heavy metal content in commonly consumed vegetables is of high priority for food safety, and public health risk assessment. Vegetables were collected from industrial, non-industrial, arsenic contaminated region and one of popular vegetable markets of Bangladesh for analyzing heavy meta...

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Autores principales: Haque, Md. Morshedul, Niloy, Nahin Mostofa, Khirul, Md Akhte, Alam, Md. Ferdous, Tareq, Shafi M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7921508/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33718641
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06309
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author Haque, Md. Morshedul
Niloy, Nahin Mostofa
Khirul, Md Akhte
Alam, Md. Ferdous
Tareq, Shafi M.
author_facet Haque, Md. Morshedul
Niloy, Nahin Mostofa
Khirul, Md Akhte
Alam, Md. Ferdous
Tareq, Shafi M.
author_sort Haque, Md. Morshedul
collection PubMed
description Monitoring of heavy metal content in commonly consumed vegetables is of high priority for food safety, and public health risk assessment. Vegetables were collected from industrial, non-industrial, arsenic contaminated region and one of popular vegetable markets of Bangladesh for analyzing heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn) using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) with standard digestion procedure. Results showed significant variations of heavy metal content among vegetables and most of cases the metals (except Cu and some of Zn) revealed several times higher concentrations than that of maximum permissible level (MPL) values, which indicated the vegetables were contaminated through either natural or anthropogenic activities. The dietary intake of metals are responsible for association of health risk that evaluated by target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and target carcinogenic risk (TR) calculations. Estimated daily intake (EDI) for all metals were below the maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI) values of all vegetables. The THQs for single metals were less than 1 (except As and Pb for few vegetables), indicating the inhabitant would not possess health hazard for single metal through vegetables consumption. However, the total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) of all metals were >1 (except Cu and Zn for industrial and non-industrial sites), suggesting potential health risk. HI values were found more than 1 (36.24 for industrial site, 16.74 for non-industrial site, and 15.03 for local market) representing the selected vegetables intake might be affected quality of food safety of densely populated Bangladesh. The probabilistic risk, individual, and total cancer risk (TR) for As and Pb were exceeded the threshold level (10(−4)) and safe limit (10(−6)), respectively, indicating peoples who have been consuming these vegetables long time, they might be exposed by lifetime cancer risk. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the metal concentration has high influence on carcinogenic risks.
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spelling pubmed-79215082021-03-12 Appraisal of probabilistic human health risks of heavy metals in vegetables from industrial, non-industrial and arsenic contaminated areas of Bangladesh Haque, Md. Morshedul Niloy, Nahin Mostofa Khirul, Md Akhte Alam, Md. Ferdous Tareq, Shafi M. Heliyon Research Article Monitoring of heavy metal content in commonly consumed vegetables is of high priority for food safety, and public health risk assessment. Vegetables were collected from industrial, non-industrial, arsenic contaminated region and one of popular vegetable markets of Bangladesh for analyzing heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn) using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) with standard digestion procedure. Results showed significant variations of heavy metal content among vegetables and most of cases the metals (except Cu and some of Zn) revealed several times higher concentrations than that of maximum permissible level (MPL) values, which indicated the vegetables were contaminated through either natural or anthropogenic activities. The dietary intake of metals are responsible for association of health risk that evaluated by target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and target carcinogenic risk (TR) calculations. Estimated daily intake (EDI) for all metals were below the maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI) values of all vegetables. The THQs for single metals were less than 1 (except As and Pb for few vegetables), indicating the inhabitant would not possess health hazard for single metal through vegetables consumption. However, the total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) of all metals were >1 (except Cu and Zn for industrial and non-industrial sites), suggesting potential health risk. HI values were found more than 1 (36.24 for industrial site, 16.74 for non-industrial site, and 15.03 for local market) representing the selected vegetables intake might be affected quality of food safety of densely populated Bangladesh. The probabilistic risk, individual, and total cancer risk (TR) for As and Pb were exceeded the threshold level (10(−4)) and safe limit (10(−6)), respectively, indicating peoples who have been consuming these vegetables long time, they might be exposed by lifetime cancer risk. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the metal concentration has high influence on carcinogenic risks. Elsevier 2021-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7921508/ /pubmed/33718641 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06309 Text en © 2021 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Research Article
Haque, Md. Morshedul
Niloy, Nahin Mostofa
Khirul, Md Akhte
Alam, Md. Ferdous
Tareq, Shafi M.
Appraisal of probabilistic human health risks of heavy metals in vegetables from industrial, non-industrial and arsenic contaminated areas of Bangladesh
title Appraisal of probabilistic human health risks of heavy metals in vegetables from industrial, non-industrial and arsenic contaminated areas of Bangladesh
title_full Appraisal of probabilistic human health risks of heavy metals in vegetables from industrial, non-industrial and arsenic contaminated areas of Bangladesh
title_fullStr Appraisal of probabilistic human health risks of heavy metals in vegetables from industrial, non-industrial and arsenic contaminated areas of Bangladesh
title_full_unstemmed Appraisal of probabilistic human health risks of heavy metals in vegetables from industrial, non-industrial and arsenic contaminated areas of Bangladesh
title_short Appraisal of probabilistic human health risks of heavy metals in vegetables from industrial, non-industrial and arsenic contaminated areas of Bangladesh
title_sort appraisal of probabilistic human health risks of heavy metals in vegetables from industrial, non-industrial and arsenic contaminated areas of bangladesh
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7921508/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33718641
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06309
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