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Signaling roles of phosphoinositides in the retina

The field of phosphoinositide signaling has expanded significantly in recent years. Phosphoinositides (also known as phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs) are universal signaling molecules that directly interact with membrane proteins or with cytosolic proteins containing domains that directly bi...

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Autor principal: Rajala, Raju V.S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7921602/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32540927
http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.TR120000806
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author Rajala, Raju V.S.
author_facet Rajala, Raju V.S.
author_sort Rajala, Raju V.S.
collection PubMed
description The field of phosphoinositide signaling has expanded significantly in recent years. Phosphoinositides (also known as phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs) are universal signaling molecules that directly interact with membrane proteins or with cytosolic proteins containing domains that directly bind phosphoinositides and are recruited to cell membranes. Through the activities of phosphoinositide kinases and phosphoinositide phosphatases, seven distinct phosphoinositide lipid molecules are formed from the parent molecule, phosphatidylinositol. PIP signals regulate a wide range of cellular functions, including cytoskeletal assembly, membrane binding and fusion, ciliogenesis, vesicular transport, and signal transduction. Given the many excellent reviews on phosphoinositide kinases, phosphoinositide phosphatases, and PIPs in general, in this review, we discuss recent studies and advances in PIP lipid signaling in the retina. We specifically focus on PIP lipids from vertebrate (e.g., bovine, rat, mouse, toad, and zebrafish) and invertebrate (e.g., Drosophila, horseshoe crab, and squid) retinas. We also discuss the importance of PIPs revealed from animal models and human diseases, and methods to study PIP levels both in vitro and in vivo. We propose that future studies should investigate the function and mechanism of activation of PIP-modifying enzymes/phosphatases and further unravel PIP regulation and function in the different cell types of the retina.
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spelling pubmed-79216022021-03-19 Signaling roles of phosphoinositides in the retina Rajala, Raju V.S. J Lipid Res Thematic Review Series The field of phosphoinositide signaling has expanded significantly in recent years. Phosphoinositides (also known as phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs) are universal signaling molecules that directly interact with membrane proteins or with cytosolic proteins containing domains that directly bind phosphoinositides and are recruited to cell membranes. Through the activities of phosphoinositide kinases and phosphoinositide phosphatases, seven distinct phosphoinositide lipid molecules are formed from the parent molecule, phosphatidylinositol. PIP signals regulate a wide range of cellular functions, including cytoskeletal assembly, membrane binding and fusion, ciliogenesis, vesicular transport, and signal transduction. Given the many excellent reviews on phosphoinositide kinases, phosphoinositide phosphatases, and PIPs in general, in this review, we discuss recent studies and advances in PIP lipid signaling in the retina. We specifically focus on PIP lipids from vertebrate (e.g., bovine, rat, mouse, toad, and zebrafish) and invertebrate (e.g., Drosophila, horseshoe crab, and squid) retinas. We also discuss the importance of PIPs revealed from animal models and human diseases, and methods to study PIP levels both in vitro and in vivo. We propose that future studies should investigate the function and mechanism of activation of PIP-modifying enzymes/phosphatases and further unravel PIP regulation and function in the different cell types of the retina. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2021-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7921602/ /pubmed/32540927 http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.TR120000806 Text en © 2021 The Author http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Thematic Review Series
Rajala, Raju V.S.
Signaling roles of phosphoinositides in the retina
title Signaling roles of phosphoinositides in the retina
title_full Signaling roles of phosphoinositides in the retina
title_fullStr Signaling roles of phosphoinositides in the retina
title_full_unstemmed Signaling roles of phosphoinositides in the retina
title_short Signaling roles of phosphoinositides in the retina
title_sort signaling roles of phosphoinositides in the retina
topic Thematic Review Series
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7921602/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32540927
http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.TR120000806
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